Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/kelen
Proto-Mongolic edit
Reconstruction edit
Relatively secure. Daur palatalization is irregular but also found in other terms.
Etymology edit
Likely related somehow to Oghuz كَلاجُو (kelēçǖ, “talk, conversation”), which Clauson however considers neither of Turkic origin nor related to the Mongolian word, and Chuvash кала (kala, “to talk”).
Another attractive parallel is Proto-Uralic *käle (“tongue, language”) (Finnish kieli), but mainstream linguistics presumes no relation with Uralic.
Noun edit
*kelen
Descendants edit
- Middle Mongol:
- Mongolian: ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ (kelen), ᠬᠡᠯᠡ (kele)
- Arabic: کـیلَن (kelen) (Muqaddimat)
- Chinese: 克勒 (kele) (Beilu Yiyu)
- Mongolian:
- Buryat: хэлэ(н) (xele(n))
- Khamnigan Mongol: kelü(n), kölö(n), kele(n)
- Kalmyk: келн (keln)
- Daur: xely
- East Yugur: kelen
- Monguor:
- Bonan:
- Kangjia: kilio
- Dongxiang: kielien
- Mogholi: kelan
Further reading edit
- Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)[1], Utrecht: LOT, page 409