кала
Chuvash edit
Etymology edit
Possibly inherited from Proto-Turkic *kele- (“to say”), however such a verb is very poorly attested and it instead may be a borrowing from Mongolic *kelele- (“to speak”).[1][2]
Cognate with Salar kele and Tatar кэлеу (kelew); compare also Mongolian хэлэх (xelex).
Verb edit
кала • (kala)
- (transitive) to say, to tell
- (transitive) to recite
- (transitive) to deliver (a speech, a toast, etc.)
- (transitive) to pronounce
- (transitive) to play, perform (on a musical instrument)
- (transitive) to smell (of)
- (transitive) to be enough (of spices in a dish)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “кала”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), volume I, Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, pages 214-215
- ^ Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “кала”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, pages 85-86
Further reading edit
Macedonian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кала • (kala) f
Declension edit
Russian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ка́ла • (kála) m inan
Southern Altai edit
Noun edit
кала • (kala)
References edit
Čumakajev A. E., editor (2018), “кала”, in Altajsko-russkij slovarʹ [Altaic–Russian Dictionary], Gorno-Altaysk: NII altaistiki im. S.S. Surazakova, →ISBN
Tatar edit
Etymology edit
From Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa, “fort, fortress”).
Cognate with Bashkir ҡала (qala), Kazakh қала (qala), Kyrgyz калаa (kalaa, “city, town”), Turkish kale (“fortress”) etc.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кала • (qala)
Declension edit
Inflection of кала (qala)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | кала (qala) | кала (qala) |
genitive | кала (qala) | кала (qala) |
definite accusative | кала (qala) | кала (qala) |
dative | кала (qala) | кала (qala) |
locative | кала (qala) | кала (qala) |
ablative | кала (qala) | кала (qala) |
Derived terms edit
- башкала (başkala)
Udi edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
кала • (kala)
References edit
- Gukasjan, Vorošil (1974) “кала”, in Удинско-азербайджанско-русский словарь [Udi–Azerbaijani–Russian Dictionary][2], Baku: Academy Press, page 131
- Schulze, Wolfgang (2015) “Aspects of Udi-Iranian Language Contact”, in Uwe Bläsing, Victoria Arakelova and Matthias Weinreich, editors, Studies on Iran and the Caucasus: In honour of Garnik Asatrian, Leiden: Brill, , page 387 of 373–401