line drawing of a common European anchovy
Wikispecies
Etymology
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From Spanish anchoa, from Genoese Ligurian anciôa or related Corsican anchjuva, anciua. The term's ultimate origin is unclear; some suggest it may have derived from an unattested Vulgar Latin term *apiuva, from Latin aphyē, apua, from Ancient Greek ἀφύη (aphúē) (which may be formed like Sanskrit अभ्व (ábhva-, “monster”));[1] others suggest it comes from Basque antxu, anchu (“dried fish”), from anchuva (“dry”),[2] if that Basque term is not itself derived from Latin via some intermediary.[3]
Pronunciation
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anchovy (plural anchovies)
- Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in 16 genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.
- Hypernym: fish
- Coordinate term: sardine
Derived terms
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Translations
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small saltwater fish
- Abkhaz: ақамашьи́а (akamašía)
- Arabic: أَنْشُوفة f (ʔanšūfa), بَلَم m (balam), أَنْشُوقَة f (ʔanšūqa)
- Armenian: անչոուս (ančʻous), անձրուկ (hy) (anjruk)
- Middle Armenian: խամսի (xamsi)
- Asturian: bocarte (ast) m, (as food) anchoa (ast) f
- Azerbaijani: ançous
- Basque: antxoa, bokarta
- Bikol Central: bulinaw
- Breton: genougamm m
- Bulgarian: аншоа́ (bg) f (anšoá), ха́мсия f (hámsija)
- Catalan: seitó (ca) m, anxova (ca) f
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 鳳尾魚／凤尾鱼 (zh) (fèngwěiyú), 鯷／鳀 (zh) (tí)
- Cornish: ganowek m
- Corsican: anchjuva f, anciua f
- Czech: ančovička (cs) f, sardel (cs) f
- Danish: ansjos (da) c
- Dutch: ansjovis (nl) m
- Esperanto: sardelo, anĉovo
- Estonian: anšoovis (et)
- Faroese: ansjós f
- Finnish: (fish) sardelli (fi), (as food) anjovis (fi)
- French: anchois (fr) m
- Galician: bocareu (gl) m, bocarte (gl) m, (as food) anchoa (gl) f
- Georgian: ქაფშია (kapšia)
- German: Sardelle (de) f
- Greek: γαύρος (el) m (gávros)
- Hebrew: אַנְשׁוֹבִי m (anshóvi), עַפְיָן (he) m ('afyán)
- Hungarian: szardella (hu), ajóka (hu)
- Icelandic: ansjósa (is) f
- Indonesian: bilis (id)
- Interlingua: anchoa
- Irish: ainseabhaí m
- Italian: alice (it) f, acciuga (it) f
- Japanese: 片口鰯 (ja), カタクチイワシ (katakuchi-iwashi), アンチョビ (anchobi), アンチョビー (anchobī)
- Karelian: ančoussu
- Kazakh: қамса (qamsa)
- Korean: 멸치 (ko) (myeolchi)
- Latvian: anšovs m
- Ligurian: anciôa f
- Lithuanian: ančiuvis m
- Lombard:
- Eastern: anciùa f
- Western: inciòda f, incioda (lmo) f
- Luxembourgish: Anchois (lb) f
- Macedonian: инчун m (inčun)
- Malay: bilis
- Manx: ançhovee m
- Maori: kokowhāwhā, korowhāwhā
- Norwegian: ansjos m
- Occitan: anchòia (oc) f
- Old Occitan: anchoia f
- Persian: آنچوی (ânčovi)
- Piedmontese: anciova f
- Polish: sardela (pl) f, anchois (pl) n
- Portuguese: anchova (pt) f, enchova (pt) f
- Romanian: sardele f, hamsie (ro) f, anșoa (ro) f
- Russian: анчо́ус (ru) m (ančóus), хамса́ (ru) f (xamsá)
- Saanich: łáʔləs
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ѝнћӯн m
- Roman: ìnćūn m
- Sicilian: anciova (scn) f
- Spanish: anchoa (es) f, boquerón (es) m, bocarte m
- Swedish: sardell (sv) c
- Tagalog: dilis (tl), dulis, balawbalaw
- Turkish: hamsi (tr)
- Venetian: inciò (vec) m, anciò m
- Vietnamese: cá cơm, cá trổng
- Volapük: najov
- Welsh: brwyniad m
- West Frisian: ansjofisk c
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References
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- ^ Michael Meier-Brügger, “Griechisch ἀφύη ‘Bratfischchen’, ved. ábhva- ‘Unding’, myk. a-phu-”, Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 52 (1991): 123–5.
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “anchovy”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Robert Lawrence Trask, The History of Basque
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