calque

English

WOTD – 1 August 2007    

Wikipedia

Etymology

From French calque (“calque/loan translation”), from French calquer (“to trace”), from Italian calcare.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /kælk/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ælk

Noun

calque (plural calques)

1. A word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.

The word "watershed" is a calque of the German "Wasserscheide".

Synonyms

• loan translation

Translations

word formed by word-for-word translation of a word in another language

• Armenian: բառապատճեն (hy) (baṙapatčen)
• Catalan: calc (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 借譯 (cmn), 借译 (cmn) (jièyì)

• Czech: kalk (cs) m
• Danish: oversættelseslån (da) n
• Dutch: woordelijke vertaling (nl), letterlijke vertaling (nl), leenvertaling (nl)
• Finnish: käännöslaina (fi)
• French: calque (fr) m
• German: Lehnübersetzung (de) f
• Greek: ‎μεταφραστικό δάνειο (metafrastikó dáneio) n 
• Hungarian: tükörfordítás (hu), tükörszó (hu)
• Icelandic: tökuþýðing (is) f

• Italian: calco (it) m
• Japanese: 翻訳借用 (ja) (ほんやくしゃくよう, hon'yaku shakuyō)
• Latvian: kalks (lv) m
• Macedonian: калка (mk) (kálka) f
• Polish: kalka (pl) f
• Portuguese: decalque lingüístico m
• Russian: калька (ru) (kál’ka) f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ка̏лк (sh) m

  Roman: kȁlk (sh) m

• Spanish: calco (es) m
• Swedish: översättningslån (sv)
• Thai: คำต่อคำ (th) (kham-tò kham)

See also

• Hobson-Jobson
• loan word
• metaphrase

Verb

calque (third-person singular simple present calques, present participle calquing, simple past and past participle calqued)

1. (transitive) To adopt (a word or phrase) from one language to another by semantic translation of its parts.

Translations

to adopt a word by translation of its parts

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 借译 (cmn) (jièyì)

• Finnish: omaksua (fi) käännöslaina
• German: lehnübersetzen (de)
• Macedonian: калкира (mk) (kalkíra)
• Russian: калькировать (ru) (kal’kirovat’)

• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: калки́рати (sh)

  Roman: kalkírati (sh)

Anagrams

• claque

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French

Noun

calque m (plural calques)

1. calque

Anagrams

• claque, claqué

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Spanish

Verb

calque (infinitive calcar)

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of calcar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of calcar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of calcar.

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Portuguese

Verb

calque

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of calcar
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of calcar
3. third-person singular imperative of calcar