congruence

English

Etymology

From Middle English congruence, from Latin congruentia (“agreement”), from congruēns, present active participle of congruō (“meet together, agree”).

Pronunciation

• (UK, Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈkɒŋ.ɡɹʊ.əns/

  Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• (US, General American) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑŋ.ɡɹu.əns/

  Audio (New Jersey)

  (file)

• (AU, Australian English) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔŋ.ɡɹʉ.əns/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

congruence (countable and uncountable, plural congruences)

1. The quality of agreeing or corresponding; being suitable and appropriate.
2. (mathematics, number theory) A relation between two numbers indicating they give the same remainder when divided by some given number.
3. (mathematics, geometry) The quality of being isometric — roughly, the same measure and shape.
4. (mathematics, linear algebra) Matrix similarity by an orthogonal matrix.
5. (algebra, more generally) Any equivalence relation defined on an algebraic structure which is preserved by operations defined by the structure.

Synonyms

• congruency
• congruity

 

Antonyms

• incongruence
• incongruency
• incongruity

 

Derived terms

• congruence class
• incongruence

 

Related terms

• congruent

Translations

the quality of agreeing or corresponding

• Armenian: համաձայնություն (hy) (hamajaynutʻyun), համապատասխանություն (hy) (hamapatasxanutʻyun)
• Bulgarian: съгласуване (bg) n (sǎglasuvane), съответствие (bg) n (sǎotvetstvie)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 一致 (zh) (yīzhì)

• Finnish: yhdenmukaisuus (fi), sopivuus (fi)
• French: congruence (fr) f
• German: Kongruenz (de) f
• Ido: kongruo (io)
• Irish: comhionannas m
• Polish: stosowność (pl) c, kongruencja f
• Portuguese: congruência (pt) f
• Romanian: congruență (ro) f
• Russian: конгруэ́нтность (ru) f (kongruéntnostʹ)
• Spanish: congruencia f

number theory, relation indicating two numbers give the same remainder when divided by some number

• Czech: kongruence f
• Finnish: kongruenssi (fi)
• French: congruence (fr)
• German: Kongruenz (de) f
• Icelandic: leifajafna f, samleifing f
• Polish: przystawanie (pl) n, kongruencja f
• Romanian: congruență (ro) f
• Spanish: congruencia f

geometry, quality of being roughly the same size and shape

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 全等 (zh) (quánděng)

• Finnish: yhtenevyys (fi)
• German: Kongruenz (de) f
• Hindi: सर्वांगसमता f (sarvāṅgsamtā)
• Hungarian: egybevágóság (hu)
• Icelandic: samsnið n, aljöfnuður m
• Polish: przystawanie (pl) n, kongruencja f
• Romanian: congruență (ro) f

linear algebra, matrix similarity by an orthogonal matrix

• Finnish: kongruenssi (fi)
• German: Kongruenz (de) f
• Romanian: congruență (ro) f

algebra, equivalence relation preserved by operations

• Finnish: kongruenssi (fi)
• German: Kongruenz (de) f
• Romanian: congruență (ro) f

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Danish: ^{(please verify)} kongruens (da) c
• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} kongruens (sv) c

See also

• residue

French

Etymology

From Latin congruentia (“agreement”), from congruēns, present active participle of congruō (“meet together, agree”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ̃.ɡʁy.ɑ̃s/
• Homophone: congruences

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

congruence f (plural congruences)

1. (mathematics) congruence

Related terms

• congru

Further reading

• “congruence”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.