gangréner

See also: gangrener

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.ne/

• Audio

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Verb

gangréner

1. Alternative form of gangrener

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written gangréner-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written gangrèner-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.

Conjugation of gangréner (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	gangréner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	gangrénant /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		gangréné /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.ne/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	gangrènes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	gangrénons /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɔ̃/	gangrénez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.ne/	gangrènent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/
	imperfect	gangrénais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɛ/	gangrénais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɛ/	gangrénait /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɛ/	gangrénions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.njɔ̃/	gangréniez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nje/	gangrénaient /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɛ/
	past historic2	gangrénai /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.ne/	gangrénas /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.na/	gangréna /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.na/	gangrénâmes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nam/	gangrénâtes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nat/	gangrénèrent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɛʁ/
	future	gangrènerai or gangrénerai /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁe/	gangrèneras or gangréneras /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁa/	gangrènera or gangrénera /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁa/	gangrènerons or gangrénerons /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/	gangrènerez or gangrénerez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁe/	gangrèneront or gangréneront /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	gangrènerais or gangrénerais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/	gangrènerais or gangrénerais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/	gangrènerait or gangrénerait /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/	gangrènerions or gangrénerions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/	gangrèneriez or gangréneriez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛ.nə.ʁje/ or /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nə.ʁje/	gangrèneraient or gangréneraient /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	gangrènes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	gangrénions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.njɔ̃/	gangréniez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nje/	gangrènent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/
	imperfect2	gangrénasse /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nas/	gangrénasses /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nas/	gangrénât /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.na/	gangrénassions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.na.sjɔ̃/	gangrénassiez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.na.sje/	gangrénassent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/	—	gangrénons /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nɔ̃/	gangrénez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).