incumbo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kumbe/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱumbʰ- (compare Welsh cwm (“hollow”), English hump, Ancient Greek κύμβη (kumbē, “bowl; boat”), Albanian sumbull (“button, bud”), Avestan  (xumba, “pot”), Sanskrit  (kúmba, “thick end of bone”)).

Verb

present active incumbō, present infinitive incumbere, perfect active incumbuī. (no passive)

1. I lay oneself upon; I lean or recline on something.
2. I press down on, fall upon (e.g. one's sword)

   Ferro incumbere.

   Gladio incumbere.

   In gladium incumbere.

   To fall on his sword.

Usage notes

• Constructed with in ("in"), ad ("to", "towards", "on"), super ("upon") or the dative, also with the accusative.

  Incumbere in parietem.

  To lean on a wall.

Inflection

    Third Conjugation No Passive

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	incumbō	incumbis	incumbit	incumbimus	incumbitis	incumbunt
	future	incumbam	incumbēs	incumbet	incumbēmus	incumbētis	incumbent
	imperfect	incumbēbam	incumbēbās	incumbēbat	incumbēbāmus	incumbēbātis	incumbēbant
	perfect	incumbuī	incumbuistī	incumbuit	incumbuimus	incumbuistis	incumbuērunt
	future perfect	incumbuerō	incumbueris	incumbuerit	incumbuerimus	incumbueritis	incumbuerint
	pluperfect	incumbueram	incumbuerās	incumbuerat	incumbuerāmus	incumbuerātis	incumbuerant
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	incumbam	incumbās	incumbat	incumbāmus	incumbātis	incumbant
	imperfect	incumberem	incumberēs	incumberet	incumberēmus	incumberētis	incumberent
	perfect	incumbuerim	incumbuerīs	incumbuerit	incumbuerīmus	incumbuerītis	incumbuerint
	pluperfect	incumbuissem	incumbuissēs	incumbuisset	incumbuissēmus	incumbuissētis	incumbuissent
imperatives		active			passive
		present (you)	future (you)	future (he/she)	present (you)	future (you)	future (he/she)
	singular	incumbe	incumbitō	incumbitō	—	—	—
	plural	incumbite	incumbitōte	incumbuntō	—	—	—
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		incumbere	incumbuisse	—	—	—	—
participles		incumbēns (incumbentis)	—	—	—	—	—

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Spanish

Verb

incumbo (infinitive incumbir)

1. First-person singular (yo) present indicative form of incumbir.

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Portuguese

Verb

incumbo

1. first-person singular present indicative of incumbir