paja

See also: pajā, pajâ, and Pája

Estonian

Noun

paja

1. genitive singular of pada

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑjɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝jɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑjɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pa‧ja

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *paja. Cognates include Estonian paja, Ingrian paja, Karelian paja, Ludian paja, Livvi paja, Veps paja and Votic paja.

Noun

paja

1. smithy, forge
2. workshop

   Synonym: työpaja

3. (slang) workplace

   Synonym: työpaikka

   Olin pajalla koko viikonlopun.

   I spent the whole weekend at work.

Declension

Inflection of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		paja	pajat
genitive		pajan	pajojen
partitive		pajaa	pajoja
illative		pajaan	pajoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		paja	pajat
accusative	nom.	paja	pajat
	gen.	pajan
genitive		pajan	pajojen pajainrare
partitive		pajaa	pajoja
inessive		pajassa	pajoissa
elative		pajasta	pajoista
illative		pajaan	pajoihin
adessive		pajalla	pajoilla
ablative		pajalta	pajoilta
allative		pajalle	pajoille
essive		pajana	pajoina
translative		pajaksi	pajoiksi
abessive		pajatta	pajoitta
instructive		—	pajoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative pajani pajani accusative nom. pajani pajani gen. pajani genitive pajani pajojeni pajainirare partitive pajaani pajojani inessive pajassani pajoissani elative pajastani pajoistani illative pajaani pajoihini adessive pajallani pajoillani ablative pajaltani pajoiltani allative pajalleni pajoilleni essive pajanani pajoinani translative pajakseni pajoikseni abessive pajattani pajoittani instructive — — comitative — pajoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative pajasi pajasi accusative nom. pajasi pajasi gen. pajasi genitive pajasi pajojesi pajaisirare partitive pajaasi pajojasi inessive pajassasi pajoissasi elative pajastasi pajoistasi illative pajaasi pajoihisi adessive pajallasi pajoillasi ablative pajaltasi pajoiltasi allative pajallesi pajoillesi essive pajanasi pajoinasi translative pajaksesi pajoiksesi abessive pajattasi pajoittasi instructive — — comitative — pajoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative pajamme pajamme accusative nom. pajamme pajamme gen. pajamme genitive pajamme pajojemme pajaimmerare partitive pajaamme pajojamme inessive pajassamme pajoissamme elative pajastamme pajoistamme illative pajaamme pajoihimme adessive pajallamme pajoillamme ablative pajaltamme pajoiltamme allative pajallemme pajoillemme essive pajanamme pajoinamme translative pajaksemme pajoiksemme abessive pajattamme pajoittamme instructive — — comitative — pajoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative pajanne pajanne accusative nom. pajanne pajanne gen. pajanne genitive pajanne pajojenne pajainnerare partitive pajaanne pajojanne inessive pajassanne pajoissanne elative pajastanne pajoistanne illative pajaanne pajoihinne adessive pajallanne pajoillanne ablative pajaltanne pajoiltanne allative pajallenne pajoillenne essive pajananne pajoinanne translative pajaksenne pajoiksenne abessive pajattanne pajoittanne instructive — — comitative — pajoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative pajansa pajansa accusative nom. pajansa pajansa gen. pajansa genitive pajansa pajojensa pajainsarare partitive pajaansa pajojaan pajojansa inessive pajassaan pajassansa pajoissaan pajoissansa elative pajastaan pajastansa pajoistaan pajoistansa illative pajaansa pajoihinsa adessive pajallaan pajallansa pajoillaan pajoillansa ablative pajaltaan pajaltansa pajoiltaan pajoiltansa allative pajalleen pajallensa pajoilleen pajoillensa essive pajanaan pajanansa pajoinaan pajoinansa translative pajakseen pajaksensa pajoikseen pajoiksensa abessive pajattaan pajattansa pajoittaan pajoittansa instructive — — comitative — pajoineen pajoinensa

Derived terms

• Pajala

 

compounds

• ajatuspaja
• asepaja
• hikipaja
• hitsauspaja
• konepaja
• käsityöpaja
• nyrkkipaja
• pajahiili
• pajahilse
• pajakalusto
• Pajamäki
• pajavasara
• puukkopaja
• rahapaja
• työpaja
• videopaja

 

Further reading

• “paja”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-09-01

Etymology 2

Back-formation from pajauttaa

Noun

paja (slang)

1. marijuana

   Synonyms: see kannabis

Declension

Inflection of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		paja	pajat
genitive		pajan	pajojen
partitive		pajaa	pajoja
illative		pajaan	pajoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		paja	pajat
accusative	nom.	paja	pajat
	gen.	pajan
genitive		pajan	pajojen pajainrare
partitive		pajaa	pajoja
inessive		pajassa	pajoissa
elative		pajasta	pajoista
illative		pajaan	pajoihin
adessive		pajalla	pajoilla
ablative		pajalta	pajoilta
allative		pajalle	pajoille
essive		pajana	pajoina
translative		pajaksi	pajoiksi
abessive		pajatta	pajoitta
instructive		—	pajoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative pajani pajani accusative nom. pajani pajani gen. pajani genitive pajani pajojeni pajainirare partitive pajaani pajojani inessive pajassani pajoissani elative pajastani pajoistani illative pajaani pajoihini adessive pajallani pajoillani ablative pajaltani pajoiltani allative pajalleni pajoilleni essive pajanani pajoinani translative pajakseni pajoikseni abessive pajattani pajoittani instructive — — comitative — pajoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative pajasi pajasi accusative nom. pajasi pajasi gen. pajasi genitive pajasi pajojesi pajaisirare partitive pajaasi pajojasi inessive pajassasi pajoissasi elative pajastasi pajoistasi illative pajaasi pajoihisi adessive pajallasi pajoillasi ablative pajaltasi pajoiltasi allative pajallesi pajoillesi essive pajanasi pajoinasi translative pajaksesi pajoiksesi abessive pajattasi pajoittasi instructive — — comitative — pajoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative pajamme pajamme accusative nom. pajamme pajamme gen. pajamme genitive pajamme pajojemme pajaimmerare partitive pajaamme pajojamme inessive pajassamme pajoissamme elative pajastamme pajoistamme illative pajaamme pajoihimme adessive pajallamme pajoillamme ablative pajaltamme pajoiltamme allative pajallemme pajoillemme essive pajanamme pajoinamme translative pajaksemme pajoiksemme abessive pajattamme pajoittamme instructive — — comitative — pajoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative pajanne pajanne accusative nom. pajanne pajanne gen. pajanne genitive pajanne pajojenne pajainnerare partitive pajaanne pajojanne inessive pajassanne pajoissanne elative pajastanne pajoistanne illative pajaanne pajoihinne adessive pajallanne pajoillanne ablative pajaltanne pajoiltanne allative pajallenne pajoillenne essive pajananne pajoinanne translative pajaksenne pajoiksenne abessive pajattanne pajoittanne instructive — — comitative — pajoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative pajansa pajansa accusative nom. pajansa pajansa gen. pajansa genitive pajansa pajojensa pajainsarare partitive pajaansa pajojaan pajojansa inessive pajassaan pajassansa pajoissaan pajoissansa elative pajastaan pajastansa pajoistaan pajoistansa illative pajaansa pajoihinsa adessive pajallaan pajallansa pajoillaan pajoillansa ablative pajaltaan pajaltansa pajoiltaan pajoiltansa allative pajalleen pajallensa pajoilleen pajoillensa essive pajanaan pajanansa pajoinaan pajoinansa translative pajakseen pajaksensa pajoikseen pajoiksensa abessive pajattaan pajattansa pajoittaan pajoittansa instructive — — comitative — pajoineen pajoinensa

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *paja. Cognates include Finnish paja and Estonian paja.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑjɑ/, [ˈpɑjɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑjɑ/, [ˈpɑjɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑjɑ
• Hyphenation: pa‧ja

Noun

paja

1. smithy, forge

Declension

Declension of paja (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	paja	pajat
genitive	pajan	paijoin
partitive	paijaa	pajoja
illative	paijaa	paijoi
inessive	pajas	pajois
elative	pajast	pajoist
allative	pajalle	pajoille
adessive	pajal	pajoil
ablative	pajalt	pajoilt
translative	pajaks	pajoiks
essive	pajanna, paijaan	pajoinna, paijoin
exessive1)	pajant	pajoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 376

Istriot

Alternative forms

• paia

Etymology

From Latin palea, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”); compare Venetian paja.

Noun

paja

1. straw (dried stalks of cereal plants)

Kashubian

Noun

paja f

1. (derogatory) hand (especially a big one)

Further reading

• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “rãka”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[2]

Ladino

Etymology

From Old Spanish, from Latin palea (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).

Noun

paja f (Latin spelling)

1. hay

Makasar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpaɟa]

Noun

paja (Lontara spelling ᨄᨍ)

1. (anatomy) buttocks

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish paja, from Latin palea (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaxa/ [ˈpa.xa]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -axa
• Syllabification: pa‧ja

Noun

paja f (plural pajas)

1. (countable) straw (dried stalk of a cereal plant)

   Synonyms: bagazo, barcia

2. (uncountable) straw (dried stalks considered collectively)

   Él tiene puesto un sombrero de paja.

   He is wearing a straw hat

   (literally, “a hat made of straw”)

3. drinking straw

   Synonyms: pajita, popote, cañita

4. (slang) wank, jerk off, handjob, masturbation

   Synonyms: pajilla, pajote

   Me hizo una paja muy rica en el coche mientras yo conducía.

   He/she gave me an awesome handjob in the car while I was driving.

5. (colloquial, Guatemala, El Salvador, Colombia) lie, falsehood

   Todos los políticos hablan paja.

   All politicians tell lies.

   • 2013, Devendra Banhart (lyrics and music), “Mi Negrita”, in Mala:

     Mi amor no te hablo paja / Aunque no es la verdad

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

6. (Peru, slang) very good, great, excellent

   ¡Que canción paja tocaron en la radio!

   What a great song they played on the radio!

7. (vulgar, uncountable, Argentina, Chile) laziness, tiredness, fatigue

   ¿Tenemos que caminar treinta cuadras? ¡Qué paja!

   We have to walk thirty blocks? But I'm so tired!

8. (vulgar, uncountable, Chile) effort, a task, for example, that requires a lot of energy to complete.

Derived terms

• a humo de pajas
• apartar el grano de la paja
• hacerse pajas
• hacerse una paja
• hombre de paja
• paja mental
• paja toquilla

 

Related terms

• pajar
• pajero
• pajoso
• payaso

 

Descendants

• → Dutch: pagga

Further reading

• “paja”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swahili

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Noun

paja (ma class, plural mapaja)

1. thigh

   paja la kuku ― chicken thigh

Swedish

Etymology

From Tavringer Romani pagra, paggra (“to break, to destroy”), from Romani phag- (“to break, to destroy”). Related to Sanskrit भनक्ति (bhanakti, “to break”).

Verb

paja (present pajar, preterite pajade, supine pajat, imperative paja)

1. (intransitive, colloquial) to stop working, to become broken

   Diskmaskinen pajade nyss.

   The dishwasher just broke.

2. (transitive, colloquial) to break, to cause to malfunction

   Jag har råkat paja min tv.

   I've accidentally broken my TV.

   Jag råkade paja vasen

   I accidentally broke the vase

Conjugation

Conjugation of paja (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	paja		pajas
Supine	pajat		pajats
Imperative	paja		—
Imper. plural1	pajen		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	pajar	pajade	pajas	pajades
Ind. plural1	paja	pajade	pajas	pajades
Subjunctive2	paje	pajade	pajes	pajades
	Participles
Present participle	pajande
Past participle	pajad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• paj

References

• paja in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• Gerd Carling (2005) “paja”, in Romani i svenskan: Storstadsslang och standardspråk, Stockholm: Carlsson, →ISBN, page 96

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin palea. Compare Italian paglia.

Noun

paja f (plural paje)

1. straw

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *paja.

Noun

paja

1. smithy, forge
2. workshop, studio

Inflection

Inflection of paja (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	paja
genitive sing.	pajan
partitive sing.	pajad
partitive plur.	pajoid
	singular	plural
nominative	paja	pajad
accusative	pajan	pajad
genitive	pajan	pajoiden
partitive	pajad	pajoid
essive-instructive	pajan	pajoin
translative	pajaks	pajoikš
inessive	pajas	pajoiš
elative	pajaspäi	pajoišpäi
illative	pajaha	pajoihe
adessive	pajal	pajoil
ablative	pajalpäi	pajoilpäi
allative	pajale	pajoile
abessive	pajata	pajoita
comitative	pajanke	pajoidenke
prolative	pajadme	pajoidme
approximative I	pajanno	pajoidenno
approximative II	pajannoks	pajoidennoks
egressive	pajannopäi	pajoidennopäi
terminative I	pajahasai	pajoihesai
terminative II	pajalesai	pajoilesai
terminative III	pajassai	—
additive I	pajahapäi	pajoihepäi
additive II	pajalepäi	pajoilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “ателье, кузница”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[3], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *paja.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑjɑ/, [ˈpɑʝɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑjɑ
• Hyphenation: pa‧ja

Noun

paja

1. smithy

Inflection

Declension of paja (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	paja	pajad
genitive	paja	pajojõ, pajoi
partitive	pajja	pajoitõ, pajoi
illative	pajjasõ, pajja	pajoisõ
inessive	pajaz	pajoiz
elative	pajassõ	pajoissõ
allative	pajalõ	pajoilõ
adessive	pajallõ	pajoillõ
ablative	pajaltõ	pajoiltõ
translative	pajassi	pajoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “paja”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn