sauver
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle French saulver, from Old French sauver, salver, from Gallo-Romance salvar, from Late Latin salvāre (“to save”), from Latin salvus.
In the sense specific to North America, a semantic loan from English save.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sauver
- to save, rescue; to protect
- (computing) to save
- Synonym: sauvegarder
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to escape, run away
- (Quebec, Louisiana) to save (conserve, prevent the wasting of)
- Synonyms: économiser, préserver
- Ça réduit le gaspillage et sauve de l’argent. ― It reduces waste and saves money.
Conjugation edit
infinitive | simple | sauver | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | sauvant /so.vɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | sauvé /so.ve/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | sauve /sov/ |
sauves /sov/ |
sauve /sov/ |
sauvons /so.vɔ̃/ |
sauvez /so.ve/ |
sauvent /sov/ |
imperfect | sauvais /so.vɛ/ |
sauvais /so.vɛ/ |
sauvait /so.vɛ/ |
sauvions /so.vjɔ̃/ |
sauviez /so.vje/ |
sauvaient /so.vɛ/ | |
past historic2 | sauvai /so.ve/ |
sauvas /so.va/ |
sauva /so.va/ |
sauvâmes /so.vam/ |
sauvâtes /so.vat/ |
sauvèrent /so.vɛʁ/ | |
future | sauverai /so.vʁe/ |
sauveras /so.vʁa/ |
sauvera /so.vʁa/ |
sauverons /so.vʁɔ̃/ |
sauverez /so.vʁe/ |
sauveront /so.vʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | sauverais /so.vʁɛ/ |
sauverais /so.vʁɛ/ |
sauverait /so.vʁɛ/ |
sauverions /so.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
sauveriez /so.və.ʁje/ |
sauveraient /so.vʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | sauve /sov/ |
sauves /sov/ |
sauve /sov/ |
sauvions /so.vjɔ̃/ |
sauviez /so.vje/ |
sauvent /sov/ |
imperfect2 | sauvasse /so.vas/ |
sauvasses /so.vas/ |
sauvât /so.va/ |
sauvassions /so.va.sjɔ̃/ |
sauvassiez /so.va.sje/ |
sauvassent /so.vas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | sauve /sov/ |
— | sauvons /so.vɔ̃/ |
sauvez /so.ve/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “sauver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams edit
Hunsrik edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old High German sūbar, from Latin sobrius.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sauver (comparative sauvrer, superlative sauvrest)
- clean
- Sin dein Henn sauver?
- Are your hands clean?
Declension edit
Declension of sauver (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
Weak inflection | nominative | sauver | sauver | sauver | sauvre |
accusative | sauvre | sauver | sauver | sauvre | |
dative | sauvre | sauvre | sauvre | sauvre | |
Strong inflection | nominative | sauvrer | sauvre | sauvres | sauvre |
accusative | sauvre | sauvre | sauvres | sauvre | |
dative | sauvrem | sauvrer | sauvrem | sauvre |
Further reading edit
Middle English edit
Noun edit
sauver
- Alternative form of saveour
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Old French sauver, salver, from Gallo-Romance salvar, from Late Latin salvō, salvāre (“save”), from Latin salvus.
Verb edit
sauver
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Late Latin salvāre, from Latin salvus.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sauver
- to save (remove from danger)
Conjugation edit
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | sauver | avoir sauvé | |||||
gerund | en sauvant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | sauvant | ||||||
past participle | sauvé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | sauf | sauves | sauve | sauvons | sauvez | sauvent |
imperfect | sauvoie, sauveie, sauvoe, sauveve | sauvoies, sauveies, sauvoes, sauveves | sauvoit, sauveit, sauvot, sauveve | sauviiens, sauviens | sauviiez, sauviez | sauvoient, sauveient, sauvoent, sauvevent | |
preterite | sauvai | sauvas | sauva | sauvames | sauvastes | sauverent | |
future | sauverai | sauveras | sauvera | sauverons | sauveroiz, sauvereiz, sauverez | sauveront | |
conditional | sauveroie, sauvereie | sauveroies, sauvereies | sauveroit, sauvereit | sauveriiens, sauveriens | sauveriiez, sauveriez | sauveroient, sauvereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | sauf | saus | saut | sauvons | sauvez | sauvent |
imperfect | sauvasse | sauvasses | sauvast | sauvissons, sauvissiens | sauvissoiz, sauvissez, sauvissiez | sauvassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | sauve | — | sauvons | sauvez | — |