diri
Azerbaijani edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *dīri-.
The sense “undercooked, not overcooked (of rice)“ might have developed from the sense “undercooked (of meat)", the sense “undercooked“ in applying the notion of meat still containing blood, thus being “alive“. Compare Crimean Tatar tiri (“undercooked, of meat”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio: (file)
Adjective edit
diri (comparative daha diri, superlative ən diri)
- living, which is alive
- lively, vivid, vivacious
- of rice etc.
- stiff, undercooked, half-done, raw
- Xorəyin düyüsü diridir. ― The rice of the dish is [stil] raw.
- Synonym: çiy
- crumbly, friable, not overcooked
- stiff, undercooked, half-done, raw
Noun edit
diri (definite accusative dirini, plural dirilər)
- living person
- Ölülərimi, dirilərimi təhqir etdilər.
- They insulted dead and living relatives of mine.
- (literally, “They insulted my living and my dead.”)
Declension edit
Declension of diri | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | diri |
dirilər | ||||||
definite accusative | dirini |
diriləri | ||||||
dative | diriyə |
dirilərə | ||||||
locative | diridə |
dirilərdə | ||||||
ablative | diridən |
dirilərdən | ||||||
definite genitive | dirinin |
dirilərin |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Tağıyev M. T. et al., editors (2006), “diri”, in Azərbaycanca-rusca lüğət [Azerbaijani–Russian Dictionary], volume I, Baku: Şərq-Qərb, page 791a
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *di-di,[1] from *di + *-di, from Proto-Austronesian *di. Related to kari (“this”), ngari (“hither”), and ari (“to come”), in a similar pattern with other Cebuano demonstrative pronouns.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
dirí
- here (place closer to speaker than listener)
- (colloquial) here (place near both the speaker and the listener)
- Synonym: dinhi
See also edit
Direct* | Indirect* | Oblique | Locative | Allative | Existential** | Interjection** | Manner** | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Full | Short | Full | Short | Full | Short | Full | Short | Full | Short | ||||
Near speaker*** | karí kirí |
ri | niari niiri |
ari iri |
kan-ari† kan-iri† |
dirí | ngarí | adia | dia | diará | dará | ingon ari | Ø |
Near speaker and listener*** | kaní kiní |
ni | niani niini |
ani ini |
kan-ani† kan-ini† |
dinhi | nganhi | ania | nia | niará | Ø | ingon ani | ing-ani in-ani |
Near listener | kanâ | nà | nianà | anà | kan-anà† | dinhà dirâ |
nganhà ngarâ |
anaa | naa | naará | nará | ingon anà | ing-anà in-anà |
Remote | kadto kató |
to | niadto niato |
adto ato |
kan-adto† | didto | ngadto | atua | tua | tuará | turá | ingon adto ingon ato |
ing-ato in-ato |
†Archaic *When the demonstrative is used as a predicate, the full form must be used. Short forms never start sentences. **Full and short forms used interchangeably. Full forms may be more formal, while short forms may be more colloquial. ***These two series may be conflated in colloquial Cebuano. |
References edit
- ^ Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2010–) “*-di § *di-di”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French dire and Italian dire.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
diri (present diras, past diris, future diros, conditional dirus, volitive diru)
- to say, tell
- Diru al mi vian sekreton! ― Tell me your secret!
- Oni diras, ke la vetero estas pli agrabla tie. ― They say the weather is more pleasant there.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of diri
|
See also edit
- paroli (“to speak”)
Haitian Creole edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
diri
- rice
- W renmen manje diri blan?
- Do you like to eat white rice?
Hypernyms edit
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Clipping and -i diminutive of direktor.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
diri (plural dirik)
- (colloquial, dated) Synonym of igazgató (“principal [in school], director, manager”)
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | diri | dirik |
accusative | dirit | diriket |
dative | dirinek | diriknek |
instrumental | dirivel | dirikkel |
causal-final | diriért | dirikért |
translative | dirivé | dirikké |
terminative | diriig | dirikig |
essive-formal | diriként | dirikként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | diriben | dirikben |
superessive | dirin | diriken |
adessive | dirinél | diriknél |
illative | diribe | dirikbe |
sublative | dirire | dirikre |
allative | dirihez | dirikhez |
elative | diriből | dirikből |
delative | diriről | dirikről |
ablative | diritől | diriktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
dirié | diriké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
diriéi | dirikéi |
Possessive forms of diri | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | dirim | dirijeim |
2nd person sing. | dirid | dirijeid |
3rd person sing. | dirije | dirijei |
1st person plural | dirink | dirijeink |
2nd person plural | diritek | dirijeitek |
3rd person plural | dirijük | dirijeik |
Further reading edit
- diri in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- diri in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Malay diri, from Proto-Malayic *diri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diRi (“to stand”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
diri (first-person possessive diriku, second-person possessive dirimu, third-person possessive dirinya)
- ego, self
- (psychology) ego: The most central part of the mind, which mediates with one's surroundings.
- Synonym: ego
- (psychology) ego: The most central part of the mind, which mediates with one's surroundings.
- person
Prefix edit
diri-
- use similar to English suffix -self
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “diri” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayic *diri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hadiʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *Sadiʀi.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
diri (Jawi spelling ديري)
- (intransitive) to stand
- (transitive) to establish
Derived terms edit
Regular affixed derivations:
- pendiri [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- pendirian [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- berpendirian [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + stative / habitual + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + beR- + -an)
- berdiri [stative / habitual] (beR-)
- mendirikan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- didirikan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- terdiri [agentless action] (teR-)
Descendants edit
- Indonesian: diri
Noun edit
diri (Jawi spelling ديري, plural diri-diri, informal 1st possessive diriku, 2nd possessive dirimu, 3rd possessive dirinya)
Derived terms edit
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
Descendants edit
- Indonesian: diri
Further reading edit
- “diri” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mauritian Creole edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
diri
References edit
- Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987. Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français
Sumerian edit
Romanization edit
diri
- Romanization of 𒋛𒀀 (diri)
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zizi (“disgusted; revolted”). Cognate with Malay jijik.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog)
- Syllabification: di‧ri
Noun edit
diri (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜒ)
- disgust; revulsion; dislike of something dirty or foul
- Synonyms: rimarim, panririmarim, pangangani
- abhorrence; loathing; detestation
- Synonyms: suya, pagkasuya, suklam, pagkasuklam
Derived terms edit
Adjective edit
dirí (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜒ)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “diri”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish دیری (diri), from Proto-Turkic *tīri-.
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tirig), Kazakh тірі (tırı), Kyrgyz тири (tiri) / тирүү (tirüü), Uzbek tirik, Turkmen diri, Chuvash чӗрӗ (čĕrĕ, “alive, living”).
Adjective edit
diri
Related terms edit
References edit
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “diri”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دیری”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 935
- Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
Waray-Waray edit
Adverb edit
diri
Interjection edit
diri
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms with audio links
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani adjectives
- Azerbaijani terms with collocations
- Azerbaijani terms with usage examples
- Azerbaijani nouns
- Cebuano terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Cebuano terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Cebuano terms with IPA pronunciation
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano nouns
- Cebuano colloquialisms
- Cebuano location adverbs
- Esperanto terms borrowed from French
- Esperanto terms derived from French
- Esperanto terms borrowed from Italian
- Esperanto terms derived from Italian
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Esperanto/iri
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto verbs
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- Esperanto BRO2
- Haitian Creole terms derived from French
- Haitian Creole terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Haitian Creole nouns
- Haitian Creole terms with usage examples
- ht:Foods
- Hungarian noun clippings suffixed with -i (diminutive)
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ri
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ri/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian colloquialisms
- Hungarian dated terms
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
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- Rhymes:Indonesian/ri
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- Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries
- id:Psychology
- Indonesian prefixes
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
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- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
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- Malay 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Malay/i
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- Malay lemmas
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- Mauritian Creole terms derived from French
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- Sumerian non-lemma forms
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- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/iɾi
- Rhymes:Tagalog/iɾi/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Tagalog/i
- Rhymes:Tagalog/i/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
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- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
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