Εὐφράτης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (u-f-r-a-tu-u /⁠^hUfrātuš⁠/), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^ÍD<pu-rat-tu), itself from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^ÍDBuranun). Cognates include Hebrew פְּרָת (pərāṯ) and Elamite 𒌑𒅁𒊏𒌅𒅖 (ú-ip-ra-du-iš).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eu̯.pʰrǎː.tɛːs/ → /eɸˈɸra.tis/ → /efˈfra.tis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eu̯.pʰrǎː.tɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ewˈpʰra.te̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eɸˈɸra.tis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /efˈfra.tis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /efˈfra.tis/

Proper noun

Εὐφρᾱ́της • (Euphrā́tēs) m (genitive Εὐφρᾱ́του); first declension

1. Euphrates, a river in Asia

Inflection

First declension of ὁ Εὐφρᾱ́της; τοῦ Εὐφρᾱ́του (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Εὐφρᾱ́της ho Euphrā́tēs
Genitive	τοῦ Εὐφρᾱ́του toû Euphrā́tou
Dative	τῷ Εὐφρᾱ́τῃ tôi Euphrā́tēi
Accusative	τὸν Εὐφρᾱ́την tòn Euphrā́tēn
Vocative	Εὐφρᾶτᾰ Euphrâta
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: Ευφράτης (Effrátis)
• → Latin: Euphrātēs

References

• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G2166 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,010
• Nestle, Eberhard, Aland, Kurt with et al. (2012) Novum Testamentum Graece‎^[2], 28th revised edition, 4th corrected printing edition, Stuttgart: Stuttgart Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, →ISBN