βραδύς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus (“slow”) (which bears some resemblance in form and meaning to Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”)). Cognates include Lithuanian gurdùs (“slow”), Latvian gur̃ds (“tired”), Latin gurdus (“dolt, heavy”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bra.dýs/ → /βraˈðys/ → /vraˈðis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bra.dýs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /braˈdys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βraˈðys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vraˈðys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vraˈðis/

Adjective

βρᾰδῠ́ς • (bradús) m (feminine βρᾰδεῖᾰ, neuter βραδῠ́); first/third declension

1. slow
2. slow-witted, dull
3. (time) late, tardy

Inflection

First and third declension of βρᾰδῠ́ς; βρᾰδεῖᾰ; βρᾰδῠ́ (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βρᾰδῠ́ς bradús	βρᾰδεῖᾰ bradeîa	βρᾰδῠ́ bradú		βρᾰδέε bradée	βρᾰδείᾱ bradeíā	βρᾰδέε bradée		βρᾰδεῖς bradeîs	βρᾰδεῖαι bradeîai	βρᾰδέᾰ bradéa
Genitive		βρᾰδέος bradéos	βρᾰδείᾱς bradeíās	βρᾰδέος bradéos		βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin	βρᾰδείαιν bradeíain	βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin		βρᾰδέων bradéōn	βρᾰδειῶν bradeiôn	βρᾰδέων bradéōn
Dative		βρᾰδεῖ bradeî	βρᾰδείᾳ bradeíāi	βρᾰδεῖ bradeî		βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin	βρᾰδείαιν bradeíain	βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin		βρᾰδέσῐ / βρᾰδέσῐν bradési(n)	βρᾰδείαις bradeíais	βρᾰδέσῐ / βρᾰδέσῐν bradési(n)
Accusative		βρᾰδῠ́ν bradún	βρᾰδεῖᾰν bradeîan	βρᾰδῠ́ bradú		βρᾰδέε bradée	βρᾰδείᾱ bradeíā	βρᾰδέε bradée		βρᾰδεῖς bradeîs	βρᾰδείᾱς bradeíās	βρᾰδέᾰ bradéa
Vocative		βρᾰδῠ́ bradú	βρᾰδεῖᾰ bradeîa	βρᾰδῠ́ bradú		βρᾰδέε bradée	βρᾰδείᾱ bradeíā	βρᾰδέε bradée		βρᾰδεῖς bradeîs	βρᾰδεῖαι bradeîai	βρᾰδέᾰ bradéa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βρᾰδέως bradéōs				βρᾰδῠ́τερος bradúteros				βρᾰδῠ́τᾰτος bradútatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

• τᾰχῠ́ς (takhús)

Derived terms

• βρᾰδῠ́νω (bradúnō)
• βρᾰδῠτής (bradutḗs)

 

Descendants

• Byzantine Greek: βραδύ (bradú)
  • Greek: βράδυ (vrády)
  • Mariupol Greek: врадъи (vraði), врадъмер (vraðmjer)

Further reading

• “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “βραδύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• βραδύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• βραδύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• βραδύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G1021 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • dawdling idem, page 197.
  • deliberate idem, page 207.
  • dilatory idem, page 224.
  • gradual idem, page 369.
  • inactive idem, page 427.
  • indolent idem, page 434.
  • laggard idem, page 473.
  • lagging idem, page 473.
  • late idem, page 478.
  • leisurely idem, page 485.
  • lethargic idem, page 486.
  • lingering idem, page 493.
  • loitering idem, page 498.
  • slack idem, page 782.
  • slow idem, page 785.
  • sluggish idem, page 786.
  • stealthy idem, page 814.
  • tardy idem, page 855.
  • tedious idem, page 859.
  • vacillating idem, page 942.
  • wavering idem, page 968.