ζύγαινα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ζυγόν (zugón, “yoke”) +‎ -αινᾰ (-aina).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /zdý.ɡai̯.na/ → /ˈzy.ʝɛ.na/ → /ˈzi.ʝe.na/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zdý.ɡai̯.na/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈzy.ɡɛ.na/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈzy.ʝɛ.na/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈzy.ʝe.na/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈzi.ʝe.na/

Noun

ζῠ́γαινᾰ • (zúgaina) f (genitive ζῠγαίνης); first declension

1. hammerhead shark

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ζῠ́γαινᾰ; τῆς ζῠγαίνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ζῠ́γαινᾰ hē zúgaina	τὼ ζῠγαίνᾱ tṑ zugaínā	αἱ ζῠ́γαιναι hai zúgainai
Genitive	τῆς ζῠγαίνης tês zugaínēs	τοῖν ζῠγαίναιν toîn zugaínain	τῶν ζῠγαινῶν tôn zugainôn
Dative	τῇ ζῠγαίνῃ têi zugaínēi	τοῖν ζῠγαίναιν toîn zugaínain	ταῖς ζῠγαίναις taîs zugaínais
Accusative	τὴν ζῠ́γαινᾰν tḕn zúgainan	τὼ ζῠγαίνᾱ tṑ zugaínā	τᾱ̀ς ζῠγαίνᾱς tā̀s zugaínās
Vocative	ζῠ́γαινᾰ zúgaina	ζῠγαίνᾱ zugaínā	ζῠ́γαιναι zúgainai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: ζύγαινα (zýgaina)
• → Translingual: Zygaena
• → Old Georgian: [Term?]
  • Georgian: ზვიგენი (zvigeni)
    • → Bats: ზვიგე^ნ (zvigeⁿ)
    • → Mingrelian: ზვიგენი (zvigeni)
    • → Svan: ზუ̂იგენ (zûigen)
• → Latin: zygaena
• → Old Armenian: զիգն (zign)

Further reading

• “ζύγαινα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ζύγαινα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette