θρηνῳδία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From θρηνῴδης (thrēnṓidēs, “like or fit for a dirge”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from θρῆνος (thrênos, “lamenting”) + ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song, ode”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰrɛː.nɔːi̯.dí.aː/ → /θri.noˈði.a/ → /θri.noˈði.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰrɛː.nɔːi̯.dí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰre̝.noˈdi.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θri.noˈði.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θri.noˈði.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θri.noˈði.a/

Noun

θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ • (thrēnōidíā) f (genitive θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. lamentation, mourning
   • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 604d:

     τάχιστα γίγνεσθαι πρὸς τὸ ἰᾶσθαί τε καὶ ἐπανορθοῦν τὸ πεσόν τε καὶ νοσῆσαν, ἰατρικῇ θρηνῳδίαν ἀφανίζοντα.

     tákhista gígnesthai pròs tò iâsthaí te kaì epanorthoûn tò pesón te kaì nosêsan, iatrikêi thrēnōidían aphanízonta.

   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.657a

Declension

First declension of ἡ θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ; τῆς θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ hē thrēnōidíā	τὼ θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ tṑ thrēnōidíā	αἱ θρηνῳδῐ́αι hai thrēnōidíai
Genitive	τῆς θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱς tês thrēnōidíās	τοῖν θρηνῳδῐ́αιν toîn thrēnōidíain	τῶν θρηνῳδῐῶν tôn thrēnōidiôn
Dative	τῇ θρηνῳδῐ́ᾳ têi thrēnōidíāi	τοῖν θρηνῳδῐ́αιν toîn thrēnōidíain	ταῖς θρηνῳδῐ́αις taîs thrēnōidíais
Accusative	τὴν θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱν tḕn thrēnōidíān	τὼ θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ tṑ thrēnōidíā	τᾱ̀ς θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱς tā̀s thrēnōidíās
Vocative	θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ thrēnōidíā	θρηνῳδῐ́ᾱ thrēnōidíā	θρηνῳδῐ́αι thrēnōidíai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• English: threnody
• Latin: thrēnōdia

Further reading

• “θρηνῳδία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θρηνῳδία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• θρηνῳδία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • dirge idem, page 226.
  • elegy idem, page 265.
  • lamentation idem, page 474.
  • threnody idem, page 870.
  • wail idem, page 959.