κελαινός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Morphologically isolated and therefore difficult to assess. The ending is similar to περκνός (perknós, “dusky”) and ἐρεμνός (eremnós, “murky, black”), but the first member remains unclear. It has been compared with several words, like κηλίς (kēlís, “spot, stain”) and Latin cālīgō (“mist”). According to Beekes, it could be a Pre-Greek word with a palatalized nasal.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ke.lai̯.nós/ → /ce.lɛˈnos/ → /ce.leˈnos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ke.lai̯.nós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ke.lɛˈnos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ce.lɛˈnos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ce.leˈnos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ce.leˈnos/

Adjective

κελαινός • (kelainós) m (feminine κελαινή, neuter κελαινόν); first/second declension

1. black, dark, swarthy, murky

Inflection

First and second declension of κελαινός; κελαινή; κελαινόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κελαινός kelainós	κελαινή kelainḗ	κελαινόν kelainón		κελαινώ kelainṓ	κελαινᾱ́ kelainā́	κελαινώ kelainṓ		κελαινοί kelainoí	κελαιναί kelainaí	κελαινᾰ́ kelainá
Genitive		κελαινοῦ kelainoû	κελαινῆς kelainês	κελαινοῦ kelainoû		κελαινοῖν kelainoîn	κελαιναῖν kelainaîn	κελαινοῖν kelainoîn		κελαινῶν kelainôn	κελαινῶν kelainôn	κελαινῶν kelainôn
Dative		κελαινῷ kelainôi	κελαινῇ kelainêi	κελαινῷ kelainôi		κελαινοῖν kelainoîn	κελαιναῖν kelainaîn	κελαινοῖν kelainoîn		κελαινοῖς kelainoîs	κελαιναῖς kelainaîs	κελαινοῖς kelainoîs
Accusative		κελαινόν kelainón	κελαινήν kelainḗn	κελαινόν kelainón		κελαινώ kelainṓ	κελαινᾱ́ kelainā́	κελαινώ kelainṓ		κελαινούς kelainoús	κελαινᾱ́ς kelainā́s	κελαινᾰ́ kelainá
Vocative		κελαινέ kelainé	κελαινή kelainḗ	κελαινόν kelainón		κελαινώ kelainṓ	κελαινᾱ́ kelainā́	κελαινώ kelainṓ		κελαινοί kelainoí	κελαιναί kelainaí	κελαινᾰ́ kelainá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κελαινῶς kelainôs				κελαινότερος kelainóteros				κελαινότᾰτος kelainótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κελαινεγχής (kelainenkhḗs)
• κελαινεφής (kelainephḗs)
• κελαινιάω (kelainiáō)
• κελαινόβρωτος (kelainóbrōtos)
• κελαινόομαι (kelainóomai)
• κελαινόρρινος (kelainórrhinos)
• κελαινοφαής (kelainophaḗs)
• κελαινόχρως (kelainókhrōs)
• κελαινώπας (kelainṓpas)
• κελαινώφρων (kelainṓphrōn)
• κελαινώψ (kelainṓps)

 

Further reading

• “κελαινός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κελαινός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κελαινός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κελαινός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κελαινός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN