Bashkir edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Turkic *toprak (earth, soil).

Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (topraq, soil);[1] Tatar туфрак (tufraq), Kazakh топырақ (topyraq), Kyrgyz топурак (topurak), Uzbek tuproq, Azerbaijani torpaq, Turkish toprak (earth, soil), Khakas тобырах (tobırax, soil), Shor тобрақ (soil), Yakut тобурах (toburaq, hail; dust), Chuvash тӑпра (tăpra, soil).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [tupˈrɑq]
  • Hyphenation: туп‧раҡ

Noun edit

тупраҡ (tupraq)

  1. earth, soil
    Диоксин иң тәүҙә тупраҡты, һауаны ағыулай.
    Dioksin iñ təwźə tupraqtı, hawanı ağıwlay.
    Dioxin first of all pollutes soil (and) air.
  2. land, territory
  3. (religion) soil, dust, ashes (from which human is created)
    Тупраҡтан яралғанбыҙ, тупраҡҡа ҡайтабыҙ.
    Tupraqtan yaralğanbıź, tupraqqa qaytabıź.
    We are made of soil, and to soil we shall revert. (=Ashes to ashes, dust to dust)

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 575