Wiktionary

dust

See also: Dust and ďüst

EnglishEdit

 
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EtymologyEdit

From Middle English dust, doust, from Old English dūst (“dust, dried earth reduced to powder; other dry material reduced to powder”), from the fusion of Proto-Germanic *dustą (“dust”) and *dunstą (“mist, dust, evaporation”), both from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”).

Cognate with Scots dust, dist (“dust”), Dutch duist (“pollen, dust”) and dons (“down, fuzz”), German Dust (“dust”) and Dunst (“haze”), Swedish dust (“dust”), Icelandic dust (“dust”), Latin fūmus (“smoke, steam”). Also related to Swedish dun (“down, fluff”), Icelandic dúnn (“down, fluff”). See down.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dust (countable and uncountable, plural dusts)

  1. Fine particles
    1. (uncountable) Fine, dry particles of matter found in the air and covering the surface of objects, typically consisting of soil lifted up by the wind, pollen, hair, etc.
      • 2022 September 7, “East-West track laying heads westwards”, in RAIL, number 965, page 37, photo caption:
        There is so much dust released during the process of laying ballast that the trackside operator wears a full face mask with respirator.
    2. (astronomy, uncountable) Submicron particles in outer space, largely silicates and carbon compounds, that contribute greatly to extinction at visible wavelengths.
    3. (obsolete) A single particle of earth or other material.
  2. (countable) The act of cleaning by dusting.
    • 2010, Joan Busfield; Michael Paddon, Thinking About Children: Sociology and Fertility in Post-War England, page 150:
      […] once they start school, I mean you can do a room out one day, the next day it only needs a dust, doesn't it?
  3. The earth, as the resting place of the dead.
  4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the remains of the human body.
  5. (figuratively) Something worthless.
  6. (figuratively) A low or mean condition.
  7. (slang, dated) cash; money (in reference to gold dust).
    • 1852, George Colvocoresses, Four Years in a Government Exploring Expedition:
      'And what do you ask for it?' 'Fifteen thousand dollars.' 'I'll take it.' 'Then down with the dust.'
  8. (colloquial) A disturbance or uproar.
    to raise, or kick up, a dust
  9. (mathematics) A totally disconnected set of points with a fractal structure.

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

VerbEdit

dust (third-person singular simple present dusts, present participle dusting, simple past and past participle dusted)

  1. (transitive) To remove dust from.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      There were many wooden chairs for the bulk of his visitors, and two wicker armchairs with red cloth cushions for superior people. From the packing-cases had emerged some Indian clubs, […], and all these articles […] made a scattered and untidy decoration that Mrs. Clough assiduously dusted and greatly cherished.
    The cleaning lady needs a stool to dust the cupboard.
  2. (intransitive) To remove dust; to clean by removing dust.
    Dusting always makes me cough.
  3. (intransitive) Of a bird, to cover itself in sand or dry, dusty earth.
  4. (transitive) To spray or cover something with fine powder or liquid.
    The mother dusted her baby's bum with talcum powder.
  5. (chiefly US slang) To leave; to rush off.
    • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 75:
      He added in a casual tone: ‘The girl can dust. I'd like to talk to you a little, soldier.’
  6. To reduce to a fine powder; to levigate.
    • 1667, Thomas Sprat, History of the Royal Society of London:
      good Powder differs from bad […] in having more Peter and less Coal; and lastly, in the well dusting of it
  7. (slang) To kill.

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

See alsoEdit

AnagramsEdit

FaroeseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse dust.

NounEdit

dust n (genitive singular dusts, uncountable)

  1. dust

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dust (singular only)
n3s singular
indefinite definite
nominative dust dustið
accusative dust dustið
dative dusti dustinum
genitive dusts dustsins

IcelandicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse dust.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dust n (genitive singular dusts, no plural)

  1. dust
    Synonyms: ryk, duft

DeclensionEdit

declension of dust
n-s singular
indefinite definite
nominative dust dustið
accusative dust dustið
dative dusti dustinu
genitive dusts dustsins

Middle EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Forms with a long vowel are from Old English dūst, from Proto-Germanic *dunstą. Forms with a short vowel are from Old English *dust, from Proto-Germanic *dustą.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dust (uncountable)

  1. dust, powder
  2. dirt, grit
  3. (figuratively) iota, modicum

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • English: dust
  • Scots: dust, dist

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Back-formation of dustet, from Old Norse dust (dust particle)

NounEdit

dust m (definite singular dusten, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

  1. (derogatory) dork, moron, fool
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Norse dust.

NounEdit

dust f or m (definite singular dusta or dusten, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

  1. dust (fine, dry particles)

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse dust (dust particle), compare with dustete.

NounEdit

dust m (definite singular dusten, indefinite plural dustar, definite plural dustane)

  1. (derogatory) dork, moron, fool
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Norse dust.

NounEdit

dust f (definite singular dusta, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

  1. dust (fine, dry particles)

ReferencesEdit

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *dunstą (“dust, vapour”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“vapour, smoke”). Akin to Hindi धुआं (dhuā̃, “smoke”), Middle Dutch dost, donst, duust (Dutch dons, duist), Old High German tunst, dunst (German Dunst), Low German dust, Icelandic dust, Norwegian dust, Danish dyst.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dūst n

  1. dust; powder; mill dust

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dust (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative dūst dūst
accusative dūst dūst
genitive dūstes dūsta
dative dūste dūstum

DescendantsEdit

Old NorseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *dustą.

NounEdit

dust n

  1. dust particle

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “dust”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Scottish GaelicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English dust.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dust m (genitive singular dust, no plural)

  1. dust

Usage notesEdit

  • Also used figuratively for corpse.

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

SwedishEdit

NounEdit

dust c

  1. a joust
  2. (figuratively) a (minor) verbal or physical confrontation, a bout, a tussle, a run-in

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dust 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative dust dusten duster dusterna
Genitive dusts dustens dusters dusternas

ReferencesEdit

ZazakiEdit

NounEdit

dust

  1. side; one half (left or right, top or bottom, front or back, etc.) of something or someone.
  2. to level

Derived termsEdit

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