Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Armenian թառամ (tʿaṙam).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

թառամ (tʿaṙam) (superlative ամենաթառամ)

  1. withered
  2. (figuratively) faded, withered

Declension edit

Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *tr̥s-, the zero-grade of *ters- (dry).

The alternative form թարշամ- (tʿaršam-), found in թարշամիմ (tʿaršamim), is from the same source. This twofold reflex is considered to be one of the oldest traces of early dialectal diversity. It has been variously explained by a different stem formation (*tr̥sy-, compare Sanskrit तृष्यति (tṛṣyati)),[1] the influence of the Iranian cognate[2] (compare Proto-Iranian *tŕ̥šnah (thirst), Old Armenian թաշկինակ (tʿaškinak)), or the operation of the ruki-rule.[2]

According to Kölligan, the -ամ (-am) part may be identical with ամ (am, year), whose cognates show the meaning ‘summer’; the compound would then mean ‘having a dry summer’, applied to plants ‘exposed to a dry summer’ whence ‘dried, withered’.[3]

Adjective edit

թառամ (tʿaṙam)

  1. withered, shrivelled
    • 5th century, Łazar Pʿarpecʿi, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of Armenia] 17:[4][5]
      ոստք չորք ձիթենւոյն [] որոց չորեցունց պտուղքն վտիտք էին և թառամք
      ostkʿ čʿorkʿ jitʿenwoyn [] orocʿ čʿorecʿuncʿ ptułkʿn vtitkʿ ēin ew tʿaṙamkʿ
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        the four branches of the olive-tree [] of these four the fruit was meagre and shrivelled
    • 5th century, Łazar Pʿarpecʿi, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of Armenia] 17:[4][5]
      Եւ զի տեսեր զպտուղ ոստոցն թառամս և ծնկեալս և ոչինչ բնաւ նմանս ա՛յլ պտղոցն որ ի ձիթենւոջն էին
      Ew zi teser zptuł ostocʿn tʿaṙams ew cnkeals ew očʿinčʿ bnaw nmans áyl ptłocʿn or i jitʿenwoǰn ēin
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        Now because you saw the fruit of the branches to be shrivelled and lean and not at all similar to the other fruit that was on the olive-tree

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: թառամ (tʿaṙam)

References edit

  1. ^ Pedersen, Holger (1906), “Armenisch und die Nachbarsprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 39, issue 3, page 413
  2. 2.0 2.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 281
  3. ^ Kölligan, Daniel (2020), “Etyma Armeniaca”, in Claire Le Feuvre & Daniel Petit, editors, Ὀνομάτων ἵστωρ, Mélanges offerts à Charles de Lamberterie (Collection linguistique de la Société de linguistique de Paris; 106), Leuven, Paris: Peeters, page 75
  4. 4.0 4.1 Łazar Pʿarpecʿi (1904), G. Tēr-Mkrtčʿean and St. Malxasean, editors, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ ew tʿułtʿ aṙ Vahan Mamikonean [History of Armenia and Letter to Vahan Mamikonian] (Patmagirkʿ hayocʿ; I.4), Tiflis: Aragatip Mnacʿakan Martiroseancʿi, page 33
  5. 5.0 5.1 Thomson, Robert W. (1991) The History of Łazar Pʿarpecʿi (Columbia University Program in Armenian Studies. Suren D. Fesjian Academic Publications; 4)‎[1], Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, page 68

Further reading edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “թառամ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 155–156
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “թառամ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879), “թառամ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy