أفتى
Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From Classical Syriac ܐܦܬܝ (ʾap̄tī, “to expand; to propagate (orthodoxy)”),[1] which is a causative to Proto-West Semitic *pataw- (“to penetrate”), perhaps also encompassing idioms such as Akkadian 𒊻𒉆 𒉿𒌅𒌑𒌝 (uznam petûm), 𒊻𒉆 𒁍𒌓𒌅𒌝 (uznam puttûm, literally “to open an ear”),[2] from the related *pataḥ- (“to open”), so it would be equivalent to Arabic فَتَحَ أُذْنًا (fataḥa ʔuḏnan).
The corresponding noun فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal opinion”) has its patterning reflecting Classical Syriac ܦܬܘܐ (peṯwā, “spinning out, breadth (of words)”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أَفْتَى • (ʔaftā) IV, non-past يُفْتِي (yuftī) (transitive)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
أَفْتَى
(form-IV final-weak)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ʔiftāʔ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muftin | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muftan | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔaftaytu |
ʔaftayta |
أَفْتَى ʔaftā |
ʔaftaytumā |
ʔaftayā |
ʔaftaynā |
ʔaftaytum |
ʔaftaw | |||
f | ʔaftayti |
ʔaftat |
ʔaftatā |
ʔaftaytunna |
ʔaftayna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuftī |
tuftī |
yuftī |
tuftiyāni |
yuftiyāni |
nuftī |
tuftūna |
yuftūna | |||
f | tuftīna |
tuftī |
tuftiyāni |
tuftīna |
yuftīna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuftiya |
tuftiya |
yuftiya |
tuftiyā |
yuftiyā |
nuftiya |
tuftū |
yuftū | |||
f | tuftī |
tuftiya |
tuftiyā |
tuftīna |
yuftīna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔufti |
tufti |
yufti |
tuftiyā |
yuftiyā |
nufti |
tuftū |
yuftū | |||
f | tuftī |
tufti |
tuftiyā |
tuftīna |
yuftīna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ʔafti |
ʔaftiyā |
ʔaftū |
||||||||
f | ʔaftī |
ʔaftīna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔuftītu |
ʔuftīta |
ʔuftiya |
ʔuftītumā |
ʔuftiyā |
ʔuftīnā |
ʔuftītum |
ʔuftū | |||
f | ʔuftīti |
ʔuftiyat |
ʔuftiyatā |
ʔuftītunna |
ʔuftīna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُفْتَى ʔuftā |
tuftā |
yuftā |
tuftayāni |
yuftayāni |
nuftā |
tuftawna |
yuftawna | |||
f | tuftayna |
tuftā |
tuftayāni |
tuftayna |
yuftayna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُفْتَى ʔuftā |
tuftā |
yuftā |
tuftayā |
yuftayā |
nuftā |
tuftaw |
yuftaw | |||
f | tuftay |
tuftā |
tuftayā |
tuftayna |
yuftayna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔufta |
tufta |
yufta |
tuftayā |
yuftayā |
nufta |
tuftaw |
yuftaw | |||
f | tuftay |
tufta |
tuftayā |
tuftayna |
yuftayna |
References edit
- ^ Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 615b
- ^ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 946