نفت

See also: نقب, تفت, ثقب, and ث ق ب

Arabic

Verb

نَفَتْ • (nafat) (form I)

1. third-person feminine singular past active of نَفَا (nafā)
2. third-person feminine singular past active of نَفَى (nafā)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian نفت (naft).

Noun

نفت • (neft)

1. naphtha, petroleum, rock oil
2. spirit of turpentine (while “oil of turpentine” according to historical dogmatics is followed by یاغی (yağı) or preceded by روغن (revğan-ı, ruğan-ı))
3. a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire

Descendants

• Turkish: neft
• → Greek: νέφτι (néfti)
• → Russian: нефть (neftʹ)
  • → Ingrian: nefti
  • → Kildin Sami: неффьт (njeff’t)
  • → Komi-Zyrian: нефть (ńefť)
  • → Kyrgyz: нефть (neft)
  • → Tatar: нефть (neft’)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, “moist, damp; naphtha”), from Old Persian *naftah (“naphtha”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [naft]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [näft̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [näft̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [näft̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [näft̪]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [næft̪]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [näft̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	naft
Dari reading?	naft
Iranian reading?	naft
Tajik reading?	naft

Noun

Dari	نفت
Iranian Persian
Tajik	нафт

نفت • (naft) (plural نفت‌ها (naft-hâ))

1. petroleum, oil

   Synonym: نفت خام (naft-e xâm)

2. kerosene (US), paraffin (UK)

   Synonyms: نفت سفید (naft-e sefid), نفت چراغ (naft-e čerâğ)

3. (obsolete) a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire

   نفت‌انداز

   naft-andâz

   somebody who throws Greek fire in war

Inflection

Enclitic-attached forms of نفت (naft) (Iranian Persian)

Basic forms of نفت (naft) singular plural bare نفت (naft) نفت‌ها (naft-hấ) نفتا △ (naftấ) definitive direct object نفت را (naft râ) نفت رو △ (nafto) نفت‌ها را (naft-hấ râ) نفتا رو △ (naftấ ro) ezâfe نفت (naft-e) نفت‌های (naft-hấ-ye) نفتای △ (naftấ-ye) marked indefinite or relative definite نفتی (naft-i) نفت‌هایی (naftấn-i, naft-hấ-i) نفتایی △ (naftấi) △ Colloquial.     Possessive forms of نفت (naft) singular plural 1st person singular (“my”) نفتم (naftam) نفت‌هایم (naft-hấyam) نفت‌هام، نفتام △ (naftấm) 2nd person singular (“your”) نفتت (naftat) [Term?] △ (naftet) نفت‌هایت (naft-hấyat) نفت‌هات، نفتات △ (naftất) 3rd person singular (“his, her, its”) نفتش (naftaš) [Term?] △ (nafteš) نفت‌هایش (naft-hấyaš) نفت‌هاش، نفتاش △ (naftấš) 1st plural (“our”) نفتمان (naftemân) نفتمون △ (naftemun) نفت‌هایمان (naft-hấyemân) نفت‌هامون، نفتامون △ (naftấmun) 2nd plural (“your”) نفتتان (naftetân) نفتتون △ (naftetun) نفت‌هایتان (naft-hấyetân) نفت‌هاتون، نفتاتون △ (naftấtun) 3rd plural (“their”) نفتشان (naftešân) نفتشون △ (naftešun) نفت‌هایشان (naft-hấyešân) نفت‌هاشون، نفتاشون △ (naftấšun) △ Colloquial.     Predicative forms of نفت (naft) singular plural 1st person (“I am, we are”) نفتم (naftam) نفتیم (naftim) 2nd person (“you are”) نفتی (nafti) نفتید (naftid) نفتین △ (naftin) 3rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”) نفت است (naft ast) نفته △ (nafte) نفتند (naftand) نفتن △ (naftan) △ Colloquial.

Derived terms

• نفت خام (naft-e xâm)
• نفت سفید (naft-e sefid)
• نفت چراغ (naft-e čerâğ)
• نفت کوره (naft-e kure)
• نفتی (nafti)

 

Descendants

• → Armenian: նավթ (navtʻ)
• → Azerbaijani: neft
• → Gujarati: નફત (naphat)
• → Ottoman Turkish: نفت (neft)
  • Turkish: neft
  • → Greek: νέφτι (néfti)
  • → Russian: нефть (neftʹ)
    • → Ingrian: nefti
    • → Kildin Sami: неффьт (njeff’t)
    • → Komi-Zyrian: нефть (ńefť)
    • → Kyrgyz: нефть (neft)
    • → Tatar: нефть (neft’)
• → Turkmen: nebit
• → Uyghur: نېفىت (nëfit)
• → Urdu: نفت
• → Uzbek: neft
• → Yiddish: נאַפֿט (naft)

Further reading

• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “نفت”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 1332a

Urdu

Etymology

From Classical Persian نفت, from Middle Persian [script needed] (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, “moist, damp; naphtha”), from Old Persian *naftah (“naphtha”).

Noun

نفت • (transliteration needed) ? (Hindi spelling नफ़त)

1. petroleum
2. fuel, fuel oil
3. naphta

References

• “نفت”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.