نفت

See also: نقب‎, تفت‎, ثقب‎, and ث ق ب‎

Arabic

Verb

نَفَتْ • (nafat) (form I)

1. third-person feminine singular past active of نَفَا‎ (nafā)
2. third-person feminine singular past active of نَفَى‎ (nafā)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian نفت‎ (naft).

Noun

نفت • (neft)

1. naphtha, petroleum, rock oil
2. spirit of turpentine (while “oil of turpentine” according to historical dogmatics is followed by یاغی‎ (yağı) or preceded by روغن‎ (revğan-ı, ruğan-ı))
3. a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire

Descendants

• Turkish: neft
• → Greek: νέφτι (néfti)
• → Russian: нефть (neftʹ)
  • → Ingrian: nefti
  • → Kildin Sami: неффьт (njeff’t)
  • → Komi-Zyrian: нефть (ńefť)
  • → Kyrgyz: нефть (neftʹ)
  • → Tatar: нефть (neft’)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, “moist, damp; naphtha”), from Old Persian *naftaʰ (“naphtha”); see there for further information.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [naft]

• (Dari, formal/KBL) IPA^(key): [näft̪]

• (Iran, formal/TEH) IPA^(key): [næft̪]

• (Tajik, formal/DUS) IPA^(key): [näft̪]

• Phonetic Persian:

Traditional: [نَفْت]‎

Iranian: [نَفْت]‎

Readings
Classical reading?	naft
Dari reading?	naft
Iranian reading?	naft
Tajik reading?	naft

Noun

Dari	نفت
Iranian Persian
Tajik	нафт

نفت • (naft) (plural نفت‌ها‎ (naft-hâ))

1. petroleum, oil

   Synonym: نفت خام‎ (naft-e xâm)

2. kerosene (US), paraffin (UK)

   Synonyms: نفت سفید‎ (naft-e sefid), نفت چراغ‎ (naft-e čerâğ)

3. (obsolete) a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire

   ‏نفت‌انداز‎‎

   naft-andâz

   somebody who throws Greek fire in war

Inflection

Enclitic-attached forms of نفت (naft) (Iranian Persian)

Basic forms of نفت (naft) singular plural bare نفت (naft) نفت‌ها (naft-hấ) نفتا △ (naftấ) definitive direct object نفت را (naft râ) نفت رو △ (nafto) نفت‌ها را (naft-hấ râ) نفتا رو △ (naftấ ro) ezâfe نفت (naft-e) نفت‌های (naft-hấ-ye) نفتای △ (naftấ-ye) marked indefinite or relative definite نفتی (naft-i) نفت‌هایی (naftấn-i, naft-hấ-i) نفتایی △ (naftấi) △ Colloquial.     Possessive forms of نفت (naft) singular plural 1st person singular (“my”) نفتم‎ (naftam) نفت‌هایم‎ (naft-hấyam) نفت‌هام، نفتام‎ △ (naftấm) 2nd person singular (“your”) نفتت‎ (naftat) [Term?] △ (naftet) نفت‌هایت‎ (naft-hấyat) نفت‌هات، نفتات‎ △ (naftất) 3rd person singular (“his, her, its”) نفتش‎ (naftaš) [Term?] △ (nafteš) نفت‌هایش‎ (naft-hấyaš) نفت‌هاش، نفتاش‎ △ (naftấš) 1st plural (“our”) نفتمان‎ (naftemân) نفتمون‎ △ (naftemun) نفت‌هایمان‎ (naft-hấyemân) نفت‌هامون، نفتامون‎ △ (naftấmun) 2nd plural (“your”) نفتتان‎ (naftetân) نفتتون‎ △ (naftetun) نفت‌هایتان‎ (naft-hấyetân) نفت‌هاتون، نفتاتون‎ △ (naftấtun) 3rd plural (“their”) نفتشان‎ (naftešân) نفتشون‎ △ (naftešun) نفت‌هایشان‎ (naft-hấyešân) نفت‌هاشون، نفتاشون‎ △ (naftấšun) △ Colloquial.     Predicative forms of نفت (naft) singular plural 1st person (“I am, we are”) نفتم‎ (naftam) نفتیم‎ (naftim) 2nd person (“you are”) نفتی‎ (nafti) نفتید‎ (naftid) نفتین‎ △ (naftin) 3rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”) نفت است‎ (naft ast) نفته‎ △ (nafte) نفتند‎ (naftand) نفتن‎ △ (naftan) △ Colloquial.

Derived terms

• نفت خام‎ (naft-e xâm)
• نفت سفید‎ (naft-e sefid)
• نفت چراغ‎ (naft-e čerâğ)
• نفت کوره‎ (naft-e kure)
• نفتی‎ (nafti)

 

Descendants

• → Armenian: նավթ (navtʿ)
• → Azerbaijani: neft
• → Ottoman Turkish: نفت‎ (neft)
  • Turkish: neft
  • → Greek: νέφτι (néfti)
  • → Russian: нефть (neftʹ)
    • → Ingrian: nefti
    • → Kildin Sami: неффьт (njeff’t)
    • → Komi-Zyrian: нефть (ńefť)
    • → Kyrgyz: нефть (neftʹ)
    • → Tatar: нефть (neft’)
• → Turkmen: nebit
• → Uyghur: نېفىت‎ (nëfit)
• → Uzbek: neft
• → Yiddish: נאַפֿט‎ (naft)

Further reading

• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864), “نفت”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum (in Latin), volume II, Bonn: Adolf Marcus, page 1332a