استانبول

See also: إستانبول‎

Arabic

Proper noun

اِسْتَانْبُول • (ʾistanbūl) f

1. Alternative spelling of إِسْتَانْبُول‎ (ʔistanbūl)

Ottoman Turkish

Istanbul province

Etymology

From a corruption of Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”), which is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.

Proper noun

استانبول • (İstanbul)

1. Istanbul (a city and province in Istanbul region, Turkey)

Descendants

• Turkish: İstanbul
• → Indonesian: stambul

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “استانبول”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 74
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “استانبول”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 176
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–), “İstanbul”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “استانبول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1812
• Sezen, Tahir (2017), “İstanbul”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 385

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”), perhaps through Arabic.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔis.tɑːm.ˈbuːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɑːm.bʊ́l]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɑːm.bʊ́l]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɑːm.bʊ́l]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔis.t̪ʰɔːm.búl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔes.t̪ʰɒːm.ból̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔis.t̪ʰɔm.búl]

Readings
Classical reading?	istāmbūl
Dari reading?	istāmbul
Iranian reading?	estâmbol
Tajik reading?	istombul

Proper noun

Dari	استانبول
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Истонбул

استانبول • (estânbol)

1. Istanbul (a major city and province of Turkey)

   Synonym: قسطنطنیه‎‎ (qostantaniyye, “Constantinople”)

   • c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎^[1]:

     ‏و آنجا یعنی بر آن مناره آیینه‌ای حراقه ساخته بودند که هر کشتی رومیان که از استانبول می‌آمدی چون به مقابله آن رسیدی آتشی از آن آینه افتادی و بسوختی.‎‎

     w-ānjā ya'nī bar ān munāra āyīna'ē harrāqa sāxta būdand ki har kaštī-yi rūmīyān ki az istānbūl mē-āmadē čōn ba muqābila-yi ān rasīdē ātišē az ān āyīna uftādē u bisōxtē.

     And there, that is to say on that lighthouse, a Mirror of Fireships had been constructed so that any Roman [Byzantine] ship which came from Constantinople would catch fire from that mirror when it passed in front of it and be burnt.