بلوط
Arabic
editEtymology
editFrom Aramaic בְּלוּטָא / ܒܠܘܛܐ (bəllūṭā, ballūṭā, “oak; acorn”), further
- according to Löw an Aramaic formation from Aramaic בָלַט (bālaṭ, “to bulge out, to stand forth”), because of the nut having a protruding appearance, the pattern KaLLūM being common in Aramaic for fruits.
- possibly related to Akkadian 𒋾 (balāṭu, “to live, to stay or remain, to be enduring; to bring back to life, life-bringing trees or seeds”).
- potentially also Akkadian 𒄑𒁁𒀖 (be-lit, baluṭ, “a strong tree, bearing edible produce, sustainable in more northerly fringes of the Assyrian Empire”) found in the vicinity of Harran mentioned during the reign of Sargon II, the more typical word for oak being 𒀠𒆷𒀭 (ʾallānu, alyānu, “oak; acorn”) from Sumerian 𒄑𒀠𒆷𒈝 (allanum, “oak; acorn, acorn-shaped”). Compare Aramaic אִילָנָא, Classical Syriac ܐܺܝܠܳܢܳܐ (ʾīlānā, “tree”), Hebrew אֵלָה (ʾelā, “terebinth”), Hebrew אֵילִים (ēlīm, “mighty tree”), Hebrew אֵלֹון (elōn, “great tree”), Hebrew אַלּוֹן (allōn, “great tree; oak”).
further cognates
- comparable to Middle Persian blwt' (balūt, “acorn, oak-nut”), Mazanderani پلت (palat, “maple, poplar”), Northern Kurdish berrû, belû, dialectal Turkish bolut, pelüt, palıt, pölüt, pelit, pilit etc., Azerbaijani palıd, dialectal palut, Uzbek balut, Turkish palamut / پلاموت, pelit / پلیت, pelid / پلید, Chagatai [script needed] (pälütʼʼ), all meaning the oak and/or its nut. The borrowing directions cannot be ascertained.
- to be distinguished from the fish-names Greek παλαμύδα (palamýda), παλαμίδα (palamída) from Ancient Greek πᾱλᾰμῠ́ς (pālămŭ́s) / πηλᾰμῠ́ς (pēlămŭ́s) and its numerous descendants meaning Sarda sarda (Atlantic bonito).
- whereas Venetan palamita, Serbo-Croatian palàmīda / пала̀мӣда, Byzantine Greek παλαμύδα (palamúda) / παλαμίδα (palamída), Greek παλαμύδι (palamýdi) / παλαμίδι (palamídi), Romanian pălămidă mean the creeping thistle Serratula arvensis L. which looks at its top similar to the acorn.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editبَلُّوط • (ballūṭ) m (collective, singulative بَلُّوطَة f (ballūṭa))
Declension
editcollective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | بَلُّوط ballūṭ |
الْبَلُّوط al-ballūṭ |
بَلُّوط ballūṭ |
nominative | بَلُّوطٌ ballūṭun |
الْبَلُّوطُ al-ballūṭu |
بَلُّوطُ ballūṭu |
accusative | بَلُّوطًا ballūṭan |
الْبَلُّوطَ al-ballūṭa |
بَلُّوطَ ballūṭa |
genitive | بَلُّوطٍ ballūṭin |
الْبَلُّوطِ al-ballūṭi |
بَلُّوطِ ballūṭi |
singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | بَلُّوطَة ballūṭa |
الْبَلُّوطَة al-ballūṭa |
بَلُّوطَة ballūṭat |
nominative | بَلُّوطَةٌ ballūṭatun |
الْبَلُّوطَةُ al-ballūṭatu |
بَلُّوطَةُ ballūṭatu |
accusative | بَلُّوطَةً ballūṭatan |
الْبَلُّوطَةَ al-ballūṭata |
بَلُّوطَةَ ballūṭata |
genitive | بَلُّوطَةٍ ballūṭatin |
الْبَلُّوطَةِ al-ballūṭati |
بَلُّوطَةِ ballūṭati |
dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
informal | بَلُّوطَتَيْن ballūṭatayn |
الْبَلُّوطَتَيْن al-ballūṭatayn |
بَلُّوطَتَيْ ballūṭatay |
nominative | بَلُّوطَتَانِ ballūṭatāni |
الْبَلُّوطَتَانِ al-ballūṭatāni |
بَلُّوطَتَا ballūṭatā |
accusative | بَلُّوطَتَيْنِ ballūṭatayni |
الْبَلُّوطَتَيْنِ al-ballūṭatayni |
بَلُّوطَتَيْ ballūṭatay |
genitive | بَلُّوطَتَيْنِ ballūṭatayni |
الْبَلُّوطَتَيْنِ al-ballūṭatayni |
بَلُّوطَتَيْ ballūṭatay |
paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | بَلُّوطَات ballūṭāt |
الْبَلُّوطَات al-ballūṭāt |
بَلُّوطَات ballūṭāt |
nominative | بَلُّوطَاتٌ ballūṭātun |
الْبَلُّوطَاتُ al-ballūṭātu |
بَلُّوطَاتُ ballūṭātu |
accusative | بَلُّوطَاتٍ ballūṭātin |
الْبَلُّوطَاتِ al-ballūṭāti |
بَلُّوطَاتِ ballūṭāti |
genitive | بَلُّوطَاتٍ ballūṭātin |
الْبَلُّوطَاتِ al-ballūṭāti |
بَلُّوطَاتِ ballūṭāti |
Descendants
edit- Gulf Arabic: بلوط (ballūṭ)
- Maltese: ballut
- → Amharic: ባሉጥ (baluṭ)
- → Middle Armenian: պալուտ (palut)
- → Azerbaijani: palıd
- → Catalan: bellota
- → Crimean Tatar: pelit
- → Ge'ez: ባሉጥ (baluṭ)
- → Portuguese: bolota
- → Spanish: bellota
- → Tigre: ባሉጥ (baluṭ)
- → Ottoman Turkish: بلوط (belût)
- → Ottoman Turkish: پلیت (pelit, “acorn; valonia”)
- → Uyghur: بەللۇت (bellut)
- → Uzbek: balut
References
edit- “بلوط” in Almaany
- “blṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “blwṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Bläsing, Uwe (1995) Armenisch-Türkisch. Etymologische Betrachtungen ausgehend von Materialien aus dem Hemşingebiet (Dutch Studies in Armenian Language and Literature; 4) (in German), Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 103–104
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 139
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 98
- Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden[1] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 621–630, specificallly page 624
- Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen[2] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 72–73
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[3] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 44
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “بلوط”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 199
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “بلوط”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 109
Ottoman Turkish
editNoun
editبلوط • (bulut)
- Alternative form of بولوت
Persian
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Persian blwt' (balūt, “oak, acorn”), attested in Husraw ī Kawādān ud rēdag-ē, from Aramaic בְּלוּטָא / ܒܠܘܛܐ (bəllūṭā, ballūṭā, “oak; acorn”), see Arabic بَلُّوط (ballūṭ) for more.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ba.luːt]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bæ.luːt̪]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bä.lut̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | balūt |
Dari reading? | balūt |
Iranian reading? | balut |
Tajik reading? | balut |
Noun
editDari | بلوط |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | балут |
بلوط • (balut)
Derived terms
edit- شاهبلوط (šâh-balut, “chestnut”)
North Levantine Arabic
editEtymology
editInherited from Arabic بَلُّوط (ballūṭ).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editبلوط • (ballūṭ) m
- (collective) oak
- (collective) acorns
- (euphemistic) bullcrap, nonsense
- (euphemistic) expletive used at the end of a list
- Synonym: خرا كلاب (ḵara klāb, literally “dogshit”)
- ما بدي منك لا سوري ولا بلوط بدي منك تنسد
- ma baddi minnak lā sōri wala ballūṭ baddi minnak tinsadd
- I don't want a sorry or anything whatsoever from you, I want you to shut it
- ع إيامي ما كان في تلفونات وكمبيوترات وبلوط كان في عقل وتفكير
- ʕa ʔiyyāmi ma kān fī tilifōnāt w kompyūtirāt w ballūṭ kān fī ʕaʔl w tafkīr
- Back in my day we didn't have phones and computers and whatever else, we had brains and thinking
South Levantine Arabic
editEtymology
editNoun
editبلوط • (ballūṭ) m (collective)
Categories:
- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic collective nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective
- Arabic nouns with triptote singulative in -a
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine paucal
- ar:Oaks
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Aramaic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- North Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
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- North Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- North Levantine Arabic lemmas
- North Levantine Arabic nouns
- North Levantine Arabic masculine nouns
- North Levantine Arabic collective nouns
- North Levantine Arabic euphemisms
- North Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic collective nouns
- South Levantine Arabic masculine nouns
- South Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples
- ajp:Trees