غراب

See also: عزاب

Arabic

Root
غ ر ب (ḡ r b)
16 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣu.raːb/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ḡurayb- (“crow, raven”).

Noun

غُرَاب • (ḡurāb) m (plural غِرْبَان (ḡirbān) or أَغْرُب (ʔaḡrub) or أَغْرِبَة (ʔaḡriba) or غُرْب (ḡurb) or غَرَابِين (ḡarābīn))

1. crow, raven
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:31:

     فَبَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ غُرَابٗا يَبۡحَثُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡض لِيُرِيَهُۥ كَيۡفَ يُوَٰرِي سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيهِۚ قَالَ يَٰوَيۡلَتَىٰٓ أَعَجَزۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِثۡلَ هَٰذَا ٱلۡغُرَابِ فَأُوَٰرِيَ سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيۖ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰدِمِينَ.

     Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground, to show him how to hide his brother's naked corpse. He said: "Woe unto me! Am I not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse? And he became repentant.

2. a ship, corvet, sloop

Declension

Declension of noun غُرَاب (ḡurāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غُرَاب ḡurāb	الْغُرَاب al-ḡurāb	غُرَاب ḡurāb
Nominative	غُرَابٌ ḡurābun	الْغُرَابُ al-ḡurābu	غُرَابُ ḡurābu
Accusative	غُرَابًا ḡurāban	الْغُرَابَ al-ḡurāba	غُرَابَ ḡurāba
Genitive	غُرَابٍ ḡurābin	الْغُرَابِ al-ḡurābi	غُرَابِ ḡurābi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غُرَابَيْن ḡurābayn	الْغُرَابَيْن al-ḡurābayn	غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay
Nominative	غُرَابَانِ ḡurābāni	الْغُرَابَانِ al-ḡurābāni	غُرَابَا ḡurābā
Accusative	غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni	الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni	غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay
Genitive	غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni	الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni	غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غِرْبَان‎; أَغْرُب‎; أَغْرِبَة‎; غُرْب‎; غَرَابِين ḡirbān‎; ʔaḡrub‎; ʔaḡriba‎; ḡurb‎; ḡarābīn	الْغِرْبَان‎; الْأَغْرُب‎; الْأَغْرِبَة‎; الْغُرْب‎; الْغَرَابِين al-ḡirbān‎; al-ʔaḡrub‎; al-ʔaḡriba‎; al-ḡurb‎; al-ḡarābīn	غِرْبَان‎; أَغْرُب‎; أَغْرِبَة‎; غُرْب‎; غَرَابِين ḡirbān‎; ʔaḡrub‎; ʔaḡribat‎; ḡurb‎; ḡarābīn
Nominative	غِرْبَانٌ‎; أَغْرُبٌ‎; أَغْرِبَةٌ‎; غُرْبٌ‎; غَرَابِينُ ḡirbānun‎; ʔaḡrubun‎; ʔaḡribatun‎; ḡurbun‎; ḡarābīnu	الْغِرْبَانُ‎; الْأَغْرُبُ‎; الْأَغْرِبَةُ‎; الْغُرْبُ‎; الْغَرَابِينُ al-ḡirbānu‎; al-ʔaḡrubu‎; al-ʔaḡribatu‎; al-ḡurbu‎; al-ḡarābīnu	غِرْبَانُ‎; أَغْرُبُ‎; أَغْرِبَةُ‎; غُرْبُ‎; غَرَابِينُ ḡirbānu‎; ʔaḡrubu‎; ʔaḡribatu‎; ḡurbu‎; ḡarābīnu
Accusative	غِرْبَانًا‎; أَغْرُبًا‎; أَغْرِبَةً‎; غُرْبًا‎; غَرَابِينَ ḡirbānan‎; ʔaḡruban‎; ʔaḡribatan‎; ḡurban‎; ḡarābīna	الْغِرْبَانَ‎; الْأَغْرُبَ‎; الْأَغْرِبَةَ‎; الْغُرْبَ‎; الْغَرَابِينَ al-ḡirbāna‎; al-ʔaḡruba‎; al-ʔaḡribata‎; al-ḡurba‎; al-ḡarābīna	غِرْبَانَ‎; أَغْرُبَ‎; أَغْرِبَةَ‎; غُرْبَ‎; غَرَابِينَ ḡirbāna‎; ʔaḡruba‎; ʔaḡribata‎; ḡurba‎; ḡarābīna
Genitive	غِرْبَانٍ‎; أَغْرُبٍ‎; أَغْرِبَةٍ‎; غُرْبٍ‎; غَرَابِينَ ḡirbānin‎; ʔaḡrubin‎; ʔaḡribatin‎; ḡurbin‎; ḡarābīna	الْغِرْبَانِ‎; الْأَغْرُبِ‎; الْأَغْرِبَةِ‎; الْغُرْبِ‎; الْغَرَابِينِ al-ḡirbāni‎; al-ʔaḡrubi‎; al-ʔaḡribati‎; al-ḡurbi‎; al-ḡarābīni	غِرْبَانِ‎; أَغْرُبِ‎; أَغْرِبَةِ‎; غُرْبِ‎; غَرَابِينِ ḡirbāni‎; ʔaḡrubi‎; ʔaḡribati‎; ḡurbi‎; ḡarābīni

Descendants

• Maltese: għorab, għarab
• Moroccan Arabic: غراب (ḡrāb)
• → Ottoman Turkish: غراب (gurab)
• → South Levantine Arabic: غراب (ḡurāb) (learned)

Etymology 2

Noun

غُرَاب • (ḡurāb) m (plural أَغْرِبَة (ʔaḡriba))

1. bend of the scabbard
2. edge, point

Declension

Declension of noun غُرَاب (ḡurāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غُرَاب ḡurāb	الْغُرَاب al-ḡurāb	غُرَاب ḡurāb
Nominative	غُرَابٌ ḡurābun	الْغُرَابُ al-ḡurābu	غُرَابُ ḡurābu
Accusative	غُرَابًا ḡurāban	الْغُرَابَ al-ḡurāba	غُرَابَ ḡurāba
Genitive	غُرَابٍ ḡurābin	الْغُرَابِ al-ḡurābi	غُرَابِ ḡurābi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	غُرَابَيْن ḡurābayn	الْغُرَابَيْن al-ḡurābayn	غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay
Nominative	غُرَابَانِ ḡurābāni	الْغُرَابَانِ al-ḡurābāni	غُرَابَا ḡurābā
Accusative	غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni	الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni	غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay
Genitive	غُرَابَيْنِ ḡurābayni	الْغُرَابَيْنِ al-ḡurābayni	غُرَابَيْ ḡurābay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَغْرِبَة ʔaḡriba	الْأَغْرِبَة al-ʔaḡriba	أَغْرِبَة ʔaḡribat
Nominative	أَغْرِبَةٌ ʔaḡribatun	الْأَغْرِبَةُ al-ʔaḡribatu	أَغْرِبَةُ ʔaḡribatu
Accusative	أَغْرِبَةً ʔaḡribatan	الْأَغْرِبَةَ al-ʔaḡribata	أَغْرِبَةَ ʔaḡribata
Genitive	أَغْرِبَةٍ ʔaḡribatin	الْأَغْرِبَةِ al-ʔaḡribati	أَغْرِبَةِ ʔaḡribati

Malay

Verb

غراب

1. Jawi spelling of ghurab.‎‎

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic غُرَاب (ḡurāb, “crow, raven”).

Noun

غراب • (gurab) (plural غربان (girban))

1. crow, any bird in the genus Corvus

   Synonym: قارغه (karga)

2. (astronomy) Corvus, a constellation of the southern sky
3. edge, the cutting side of the blade of a weapon

   Synonyms: قلاغی (kılağı), كسكین (keskin)

4. the projecting edge of the hip bone of a beast
5. kind of ship, like a corvet or sloop

Derived terms

• غراب آیاغی (gurab ayağı, “kind of plantain”)
• غراب ابقع (gurab-ı ebkaʿ, “magpie”)
• غراب اسود (gurab-ı esved, “raven”)
• غراب البین (gurabü'l beyn, “rook”)
• غراب زمین (gurab-ı zemin, “darkness”)
• غراب نوح (gurab-ı nuh, “Noah's ark”)
• غرابی (gurabi, “coracoid”)
• غرابیه (gurabiye, “corvid”)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “gurab1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1782
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “غراب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 870
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cornix”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 289
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “غراب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 3386
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “غراب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1338

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic غُرَاب (ḡurāb).

Noun

غراب • (ḡurāb) m

1. crow, raven