غرب
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
غ ر ب (ḡ-r-b) |
Pronunciation 1 edit
Verb edit
غَرَبَ • (ḡaraba) I, non-past يَغْرُبُ (yaḡrubu)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
غَرَبَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun غَرْب)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
غَرْب ḡarb | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ḡārib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maḡrūb | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡarabtu |
ḡarabta |
غَرَبَ ḡaraba |
ḡarabtumā |
ḡarabā |
ḡarabnā |
ḡarabtum |
ḡarabū | |||
f | ḡarabti |
ḡarabat |
ḡarabatā |
ḡarabtunna |
ḡarabna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaḡrubu |
taḡrubu |
yaḡrubu |
taḡrubāni |
yaḡrubāni |
naḡrubu |
taḡrubūna |
yaḡrubūna | |||
f | taḡrubīna |
taḡrubu |
taḡrubāni |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaḡruba |
taḡruba |
yaḡruba |
taḡrubā |
yaḡrubā |
naḡruba |
taḡrubū |
yaḡrubū | |||
f | taḡrubī |
taḡruba |
taḡrubā |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaḡrub |
taḡrub |
yaḡrub |
taḡrubā |
yaḡrubā |
naḡrub |
taḡrubū |
yaḡrubū | |||
f | taḡrubī |
taḡrub |
taḡrubā |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uḡrub |
uḡrubā |
uḡrubū |
||||||||
f | uḡrubī |
uḡrubna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | غُرِبَ ḡuriba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yuḡrabu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yuḡraba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yuḡrab |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Verb edit
غَرَبَ • (ḡaraba) I, non-past يَغْرُبُ (yaḡrubu)
- to set (of the sun, moon, etc.)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
غَرَبَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun غُرُوب)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ḡurūb | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ḡārib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maḡrūb | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡarabtu |
ḡarabta |
غَرَبَ ḡaraba |
ḡarabtumā |
ḡarabā |
ḡarabnā |
ḡarabtum |
ḡarabū | |||
f | ḡarabti |
ḡarabat |
ḡarabatā |
ḡarabtunna |
ḡarabna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaḡrubu |
taḡrubu |
yaḡrubu |
taḡrubāni |
yaḡrubāni |
naḡrubu |
taḡrubūna |
yaḡrubūna | |||
f | taḡrubīna |
taḡrubu |
taḡrubāni |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaḡruba |
taḡruba |
yaḡruba |
taḡrubā |
yaḡrubā |
naḡruba |
taḡrubū |
yaḡrubū | |||
f | taḡrubī |
taḡruba |
taḡrubā |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaḡrub |
taḡrub |
yaḡrub |
taḡrubā |
yaḡrubā |
naḡrub |
taḡrubū |
yaḡrubū | |||
f | taḡrubī |
taḡrub |
taḡrubā |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uḡrub |
uḡrubā |
uḡrubū |
||||||||
f | uḡrubī |
uḡrubna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | غُرِبَ ḡuriba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yuḡrabu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yuḡraba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yuḡrab |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Pronunciation 2 edit
Verb edit
غَرُبَ • (ḡaruba) I, non-past يَغْرُبُ (yaḡrubu)
- to be a stranger
- to be strange, odd, obscure, difficult to understand
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
غَرُبَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun غَرَابَة)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ḡarāba | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ḡārib | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡarubtu |
ḡarubta |
غَرُبَ ḡaruba |
ḡarubtumā |
ḡarubā |
ḡarubnā |
ḡarubtum |
ḡarubū | |||
f | ḡarubti |
ḡarubat |
ḡarubatā |
ḡarubtunna |
ḡarubna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaḡrubu |
taḡrubu |
yaḡrubu |
taḡrubāni |
yaḡrubāni |
naḡrubu |
taḡrubūna |
yaḡrubūna | |||
f | taḡrubīna |
taḡrubu |
taḡrubāni |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaḡruba |
taḡruba |
yaḡruba |
taḡrubā |
yaḡrubā |
naḡruba |
taḡrubū |
yaḡrubū | |||
f | taḡrubī |
taḡruba |
taḡrubā |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaḡrub |
taḡrub |
yaḡrub |
taḡrubā |
yaḡrubā |
naḡrub |
taḡrubū |
yaḡrubū | |||
f | taḡrubī |
taḡrub |
taḡrubā |
taḡrubna |
yaḡrubna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uḡrub |
uḡrubā |
uḡrubū |
||||||||
f | uḡrubī |
uḡrubna |
Pronunciation 3 edit
Verb edit
غَرَّبَ • (ḡarraba) II, non-past يُغَرِّبُ (yuḡarribu)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
غَرَّبَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taḡrīb | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muḡarrib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muḡarrab | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡarrabtu |
ḡarrabta |
غَرَّبَ ḡarraba |
ḡarrabtumā |
ḡarrabā |
ḡarrabnā |
ḡarrabtum |
ḡarrabū | |||
f | ḡarrabti |
ḡarrabat |
ḡarrabatā |
ḡarrabtunna |
ḡarrabna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḡarribu |
tuḡarribu |
yuḡarribu |
tuḡarribāni |
yuḡarribāni |
nuḡarribu |
tuḡarribūna |
yuḡarribūna | |||
f | tuḡarribīna |
tuḡarribu |
tuḡarribāni |
tuḡarribna |
yuḡarribna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḡarriba |
tuḡarriba |
yuḡarriba |
tuḡarribā |
yuḡarribā |
nuḡarriba |
tuḡarribū |
yuḡarribū | |||
f | tuḡarribī |
tuḡarriba |
tuḡarribā |
tuḡarribna |
yuḡarribna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḡarrib |
tuḡarrib |
yuḡarrib |
tuḡarribā |
yuḡarribā |
nuḡarrib |
tuḡarribū |
yuḡarribū | |||
f | tuḡarribī |
tuḡarrib |
tuḡarribā |
tuḡarribna |
yuḡarribna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | غَرِّبْ ḡarrib |
ḡarribā |
ḡarribū |
||||||||
f | ḡarribī |
ḡarribna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡurribtu |
ḡurribta |
غُرِّبَ ḡurriba |
ḡurribtumā |
ḡurribā |
ḡurribnā |
ḡurribtum |
ḡurribū | |||
f | ḡurribti |
ḡurribat |
ḡurribatā |
ḡurribtunna |
ḡurribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḡarrabu |
tuḡarrabu |
yuḡarrabu |
tuḡarrabāni |
yuḡarrabāni |
nuḡarrabu |
tuḡarrabūna |
yuḡarrabūna | |||
f | tuḡarrabīna |
tuḡarrabu |
tuḡarrabāni |
tuḡarrabna |
yuḡarrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḡarraba |
tuḡarraba |
yuḡarraba |
tuḡarrabā |
yuḡarrabā |
nuḡarraba |
tuḡarrabū |
yuḡarrabū | |||
f | tuḡarrabī |
tuḡarraba |
tuḡarrabā |
tuḡarrabna |
yuḡarrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḡarrab |
tuḡarrab |
yuḡarrab |
tuḡarrabā |
yuḡarrabā |
nuḡarrab |
tuḡarrabū |
yuḡarrabū | |||
f | tuḡarrabī |
tuḡarrab |
tuḡarrabā |
tuḡarrabna |
yuḡarrabna |
Pronunciation 4 edit
Noun edit
غَرْب • (ḡarb) m
- verbal noun of غَرَبَ (ḡaraba) (form I)
- west, occident
- vehemence, violence, tempestuousness
Declension edit
Declension of noun غَرْب (ḡarb)
Coordinate terms edit
- (compass points) اِتِّجَاهَات الْبَوْصَلَةِ (ittijāhāt al-bawṣalati);
شَمَال غَرْبِيّ (šamāl ḡarbiyy) | شَمَال (šamāl) | شَمَال شَرْقِيّ (šamāl šarqiyy) |
غَرْب (ḡarb) | شَرْق (šarq) | |
جَنُوب غَرْبِيّ (janūb ḡarbiyy) | جَنُوب (janūb) | جَنُوب شَرْقِيّ (janūb šarqiyy) |
Derived terms edit
- غَرْبِيّ (ḡarbiyy)
Descendants edit
- → Azerbaijani: qərb
- → Northern Kurdish: xerb
- → Persian: غرب
- → Tajik: ғарб (ġarb)
- → Portuguese: Algarve
- → Ottoman Turkish: غرب (ġarb)
- → Uyghur: غەرپ (gherp)
- → Uzbek: gʻarb
Pronunciation 5 edit
Noun edit
غَرَب • (ḡarab) m
- the disease of an abscess in the canthus of the eye, lachrymal fistula
- 1025, ابن سينا (Avicenna), القانون في الطب, Rome: Stamperia Orientale Medicea, published 1593, Liber 2, page 159:
- دوسر: الماهية: حشيشة يشبه ورقها ورق الحنطة لكنه ألين وله ثمرة لها حجابان أو ثلاثة وعليها شبه الشعر وقد يتخذ منه عصارة وتحفظ وهي أفضل من حشيشه.
الطبع: حار في الأولى يابس في الثانية.
الأفعال والخواص: فيها تجفيف وتحليل.
الأورام والبثور: يلين الأورام التي أخذت تصلب ويمنع صلابتها.
الزينة: من خواصه أنه يذهب بداء الثعلب.
أعضاء العين: ينفع من الغرب.- Goatgrass: What it is: A grass the leaves of which resemble the leaves of wheat, but it is more flaccid and it has fruits with two or three envelopes and it has a kind of hair and one may extract a juice from it and it is preserved and better than the grass itself.
It’s trait: Hot in the first, dry in the third grade.
Effects and properties: It is drying and dissolving.
Swellings and pustules: It softens swellings which have become stiff and prevents their stiffening.
Toiletry: It is amongst its properties that it goes well with baldness.
Parts of the eye: It works against lacrimal fistules.
- Goatgrass: What it is: A grass the leaves of which resemble the leaves of wheat, but it is more flaccid and it has fruits with two or three envelopes and it has a kind of hair and one may extract a juice from it and it is preserved and better than the grass itself.
Declension edit
Declension of noun غَرَب (ḡarab)
Etymology 2 edit
From West Semitic *ḡarab-, cognate with Biblical Hebrew עֲרָבָה (ʿărāḇā́), עָרָב (ʿārāḇ, “poplar, willow”), Aramaic עַרְבָּא (ʿarəbā) / ܥܱܪܒ݂ܳܐ (ʿarəḇā), Tigre ዕርብ (ʿərb /ʿərəb/, “a plant with tendrils”), Soqotri ʿarhíeb, with possible further connections to Akkadian 𒌨𒁀𒌅 (ur-ba-tu, “reed, rush”), Akkadian 𒄑𒇡𒁀𒌓 (GIŠṣar-ba-tu2 /ṣarbatu/, “Euphrates Poplar”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
غَرَب • (ḡarab) m
- Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica)
- Synonym: حَوَر فُرَاتِيّ (ḥawar furātiyy)
- willow (Salix spp.)
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 4, pages 154–155:
- ويغرس في المواضع الرطب الكبيرة والندوة منها النشم والغرب والصفيراء والأيرج والميس والرند ويتوخى أن يكون شجر الأترج في مواضع مستور عن الريح الجوفية والريح الغربية مكشوف للريح القبلية.
- One plants on moist, spacious and humid places there elms, willows, planetree maples, citrons, hackberries, and laurels, and it is to be taken care that the citron is covered from northern and western winds and open for southeastern winds.
Declension edit
Declension of noun غَرَب (ḡarab)
References edit
- Haupt, Paul (1907) “Psalm 137”, in Orientalistische Literaturzeitung (in German), volume 10, number 2, columns 68–69.
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden[1] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 336
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
غُرْب • (ḡurb) m pl
Azerbaijani edit
Noun edit
غرب
- Arabic spelling of qərb
Laki edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
غرب (ẍirb)
Moroccan Arabic edit
Root |
---|
غ ر ب |
1 term |
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
غرب • (ḡarb) m
Derived terms edit
- غربي (ḡarbi, “western”)
See also edit
(compass points)
شمال | ||
غرب | شرق | |
جنوب |
Persian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɣaɾβ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [qæɹb̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʁäɾb]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | ğarb |
Dari reading? | ğarb |
Iranian reading? | ğarb |
Tajik reading? | ġarb |
Noun edit
Dari | غرب |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | ғарб |
غرب • (ğarb)
Synonyms edit
- باختر (bâxtar)
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- غربی (ğarbi)
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
غ ر ب |
6 terms |
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
غرب • (ḡarb) m
Derived terms edit
See also edit
(compass points)
شمال (šamāl) | ||
غرب (ḡarb) | شرق (šarq) | |
جنوب (janūb) |