فستق

Arabic

فُسْتَق

Etymology

From Middle Persian pstk' (pistag), if not via Aramaic פסתקא, פיסתקא, ܦܷܣܬܩܐ, ܦܘܣܬܩܐ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fus.tuq/, /fus.taq/

Noun

فُسْتُق or فُسْتَق • (fustuq or fustaq) m

1. pistachio (Pistacia vera tree and fruit)

Declension

Declension of noun فُسْتُق (fustuq)‎; فُسْتَق (fustaq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فُسْتُق‎; فُسْتَق fustuq‎; fustaq	الْفُسْتُق‎; الْفُسْتَق al-fustuq‎; al-fustaq	فُسْتُق‎; فُسْتَق fustuq‎; fustaq
Nominative	فُسْتُقٌ‎; فُسْتَقٌ fustuqun‎; fustaqun	الْفُسْتُقُ‎; الْفُسْتَقُ al-fustuqu‎; al-fustaqu	فُسْتُقُ‎; فُسْتَقُ fustuqu‎; fustaqu
Accusative	فُسْتُقًا‎; فُسْتَقًا fustuqan‎; fustaqan	الْفُسْتُقَ‎; الْفُسْتَقَ al-fustuqa‎; al-fustaqa	فُسْتُقَ‎; فُسْتَقَ fustuqa‎; fustaqa
Genitive	فُسْتُقٍ‎; فُسْتَقٍ fustuqin‎; fustaqin	الْفُسْتُقِ‎; الْفُسْتَقِ al-fustuqi‎; al-fustaqi	فُسْتُقِ‎; فُسْتَقِ fustuqi‎; fustaqi

Synonyms

• فُسْتُق حَلَبِيّ (fustuq ḥalabiyy)

Derived terms

• فُسْتُقِيّ (fustuqiyy)

Descendants

• Maltese: fosdoq
• → Middle Armenian: ֆստուխ (fstux)
  • Armenian: ֆստըխ (fstəx), ֆըստըխ (fəstəx), ֆստխ (fstx), ֆստուղ (fstuġ), ֆստուխ (fstux), փստուղ (pʻstuġ), փստուխ (pʻstux)
• → Old Catalan: festuchs, festuch, festuc
  • Catalan: festuc
• → Spanish: alfóncigo, alfónsigo, alfóstiga
• → Middle French: festuce, festue
• → Old Occitan: festuc
  • →⇒ Old Occitan: fustet
    • Occitan: fustet
    • → Middle French: fustet, fustel, fustec, fustot
      • French: fustet, fustel, fustic, fustoc
        • → English: fustet, fustic, fustoc
        • → German: Fustet, Fustic, Fustetholz, Fusticholz, Fisetholz
        • → Spanish: fustoc
    • → Piedmontese: fustot
• → Persian: فستق (fostoq, fostaq)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: فستق (fıstık)
    • Turkish: fıstık
    • → Albanian: fistik, fëstëk
    • → Belarusian: фісташка (fistaška) (influenced by French pistache)
    • → Bulgarian: фъстъ́к (fǎstǎ́k)
    • → Crimean Tatar: fıstıq
    • → English: fistichnut, fisticknut, fistinut
    • → Middle French: fistique
    • → Greek: φιστίκι (fistíki)
    • → Ladino: fustuk
    • → Macedonian: фастак (fastak), ф’стак (f’stak)
    • → Portuguese: fistico
    • → Romanian: fistic
    • → Russian: фиста́шка (fistáška)
      • → Armenian: ֆիստաշկա (fistaška)
      • → Bashkir: фисташка (fistaşka)
      • → Georgian: ფისტაშკა (pisṭašḳa) (informal)
      • → Polish: fistaszek
      • → Yiddish: פֿיסטאַשקע (fistashke)
    • → Ukrainian: фіста́шка (fistáška) (influenced by French pistache)
• → Portuguese: alfóstico, alfóstigo, fóstico
• → Swahili: fistiki

References

• “pstq”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 143
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎^[1] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 80

Hijazi Arabic

فُسْتُق

Etymology

From Arabic فُسْتُق (fustuq), from Middle Persian pstk' (pistag, “pistachio nut”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fus.tuɡ/, [fʊs.tʊɡ]

Noun

فُسْتُق • (fustug) m (collective, singulative فُسْتُقَة f (fustuga))

1. pistachio (Pistacia vera)

Ottoman Turkish

فستق

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فُسْتُق (fustuq, “pistachio”).

Noun

فستق • (fıstık)

1. pistachio nut, the nutlike fruit of pistachio (Pistacia vera)

Derived terms

• فستق آغاجی (fıstık ağacı, “pistachio tree”)
• فستقلق (fistıklık, “pistachio field”)
• فستقی (fıstıkî, “pistachio green”)
• چام فستغی (çam fıstığı, “pine nut”)
• یر فستغی (yer fıstığı, “peanut”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: fıstık
• → Albanian: fistik, fëstëk
• → Belarusian: фісташка (fistaška) (influenced by French pistache)
• → Bulgarian: фъстъ́к (fǎstǎ́k)
• → Crimean Tatar: fıstıq
• → English: fistichnut, fisticknut, fistinut
• → Middle French: fistique
• → Greek: φιστίκι (fistíki)
• → Ladino: fustuk
• → Macedonian: фастак (fastak), ф’стак (f’stak)
• → Portuguese: fistico
• → Romanian: fistic
• → Russian: фиста́шка (fistáška)
  • → Armenian: ֆիստաշկա (fistaška)
  • → Bashkir: фисташка (fistaşka)
  • → Georgian: ფისტაშკა (pisṭašḳa) (informal)
  • → Polish: fistaszek
  • → Yiddish: פֿיסטאַשקע (fistashke)
• → Ukrainian: фіста́шка (fistáška) (influenced by French pistache)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fıstık”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1583
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “فستق”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[2], Vienna: F. Beck, page 343b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فستق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 898
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Pistachium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1304
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فستق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 3520
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fıstık”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فستق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1384

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic فُسْتُق (fustuq), from Middle Persian pstk' (pistag, “pistachio nut”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fus.toʔ/, [ˈfʊs.toʔ]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

فستق • (fustoʔ) m (collective, singulative فستقة f (fustoʔa), paucal فستقات (fustoʔāt))

1. peanuts, pistachios

   فستقة / حبّة فستق ― fustoʔa / ḥabbet fustoʔ ― a peanut / pistachio

   فستق حلبي ― fustoʔ ḥálabi ― pistachios (literally, “Aleppo peanuts”)

   Audio (Ramallah):

   (file)