مسرف

Arabic

Root
س ر ف (s r f)
4 terms

Etymology

Derived from the active participle of أَسْرَفَ‎ (ʔasrafa, “to be excessive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mus.rif/

Adjective

مُسْرِف • (musrif) (feminine مُسْرِفَة (musrifa), masculine plural مُسْرِفُونَ (musrifūna), feminine plural مُسْرِفَات (musrifāt))

1. active participle of أَسْرَفَ‎ (ʔasrafa)
2. being excessive
3. prodigal, extravagant, spendthrift, wasteful (profuse in expenditure)
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:31:

     وَكُلُوا۟ وَٱشْرَبُوا۟ وَلَا تُسْرِفُوٓا۟ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُسْرِفِينَ

     Eat and drink, but do not waste. Surely the Lord does not like the wasteful.

4. (Islam) excessive in committing sins
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 40:28:

     إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌۭ كَذَّابٌۭ

     Surely Allah does not guide whoever is a transgressor, a total liar.

Declension

Declension of adjective مُسْرِف (musrif)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	basic singular triptote			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُسْرِف musrif	الْمُسْرِف al-musrif	مُسْرِف musrif	مُسْرِفَة musrifa	الْمُسْرِفَة al-musrifa	مُسْرِفَة musrifat
Nominative	مُسْرِفٌ musrifun	الْمُسْرِفُ al-musrifu	مُسْرِفُ musrifu	مُسْرِفَةٌ musrifatun	الْمُسْرِفَةُ al-musrifatu	مُسْرِفَةُ musrifatu
Accusative	مُسْرِفًا musrifan	الْمُسْرِفَ al-musrifa	مُسْرِفَ musrifa	مُسْرِفَةً musrifatan	الْمُسْرِفَةَ al-musrifata	مُسْرِفَةَ musrifata
Genitive	مُسْرِفٍ musrifin	الْمُسْرِفِ al-musrifi	مُسْرِفِ musrifi	مُسْرِفَةٍ musrifatin	الْمُسْرِفَةِ al-musrifati	مُسْرِفَةِ musrifati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُسْرِفَيْن musrifayn	الْمُسْرِفَيْن al-musrifayn	مُسْرِفَيْ musrifay	مُسْرِفَتَيْن musrifatayn	الْمُسْرِفَتَيْن al-musrifatayn	مُسْرِفَتَيْ musrifatay
Nominative	مُسْرِفَانِ musrifāni	الْمُسْرِفَانِ al-musrifāni	مُسْرِفَا musrifā	مُسْرِفَتَانِ musrifatāni	الْمُسْرِفَتَانِ al-musrifatāni	مُسْرِفَتَا musrifatā
Accusative	مُسْرِفَيْنِ musrifayni	الْمُسْرِفَيْنِ al-musrifayni	مُسْرِفَيْ musrifay	مُسْرِفَتَيْنِ musrifatayni	الْمُسْرِفَتَيْنِ al-musrifatayni	مُسْرِفَتَيْ musrifatay
Genitive	مُسْرِفَيْنِ musrifayni	الْمُسْرِفَيْنِ al-musrifayni	مُسْرِفَيْ musrifay	مُسْرِفَتَيْنِ musrifatayni	الْمُسْرِفَتَيْنِ al-musrifatayni	مُسْرِفَتَيْ musrifatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	sound masculine plural			sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُسْرِفِين musrifīn	الْمُسْرِفِين al-musrifīn	مُسْرِفِي musrifī	مُسْرِفَات musrifāt	الْمُسْرِفَات al-musrifāt	مُسْرِفَات musrifāt
Nominative	مُسْرِفُونَ musrifūna	الْمُسْرِفُونَ al-musrifūna	مُسْرِفُو musrifū	مُسْرِفَاتٌ musrifātun	الْمُسْرِفَاتُ al-musrifātu	مُسْرِفَاتُ musrifātu
Accusative	مُسْرِفِينَ musrifīna	الْمُسْرِفِينَ al-musrifīna	مُسْرِفِي musrifī	مُسْرِفَاتٍ musrifātin	الْمُسْرِفَاتِ al-musrifāti	مُسْرِفَاتِ musrifāti
Genitive	مُسْرِفِينَ musrifīna	الْمُسْرِفِينَ al-musrifīna	مُسْرِفِي musrifī	مُسْرِفَاتٍ musrifātin	الْمُسْرِفَاتِ al-musrifāti	مُسْرِفَاتِ musrifāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: müsrif
• → Persian: مسرف
  • → Urdu: مُسْرف
• → Ottoman Turkish: مسرف‎ (müsrif)
  • → Turkish: müsrif