कथा

Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit कथा (kathā).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [kəˈt̪ʰa(ː)]

Noun edit

कथा • (kathā) f (Urdu spelling کتھا)

story, narrative
Synonyms: कहानी (kahānī), अफ़साना (afsānā)

वह जटिल लघु कथाएँ लिखता और प्रकाशित करता है।
vah jaṭil laghu kathāẽ likhtā aur prakāśit kartā hai.
He writes and publishes intricate short stories.

Declension edit

Declension of कथा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कथा kathā	कथाएँ kathāẽ
oblique	कथा kathā	कथाओं kathāõ
vocative	कथा kathā	कथाओ kathāo

Derived terms edit

परी कथा (parī kathā, “fairy tale”)

References edit

Bahri, Hardev (1989) “कथा”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Platts, John T. (1884) “कथा”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi edit

Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:

कथा

Wikipedia ^mr

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit कथा (kathā).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /kə.t̪ʰa/
Audio (file)

Noun edit

कथा • (kathā) f

story

References edit

Berntsen, Maxine, “कथा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “कथा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Pali edit

Alternative forms edit

Alternative forms

kathā (Latin script)
𑀓𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
কথা (Bengali script)
කථා (Sinhalese script)
ကထာ or ၵထႃ (Burmese script)
กถา or กะถา (Thai script)
ᨠᨳᩣ (Tai Tham script)
ກຖາ or ກະຖາ (Lao script)
កថា (Khmer script)
𑄇𑄗𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun edit

कथा f

speech, story, talk

Declension edit

Declension table of "कथा" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	कथा (kathā)	कथायो (kathāyo) or कथा (kathā)
Accusative (second)	कथं (kathaṃ)	कथायो (kathāyo) or कथा (kathā)
Instrumental (third)	कथाय (kathāya)	कथाहि (kathāhi) or कथाभि (kathābhi)
Dative (fourth)	कथाय (kathāya)	कथानं (kathānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	कथाय (kathāya)	कथाहि (kathāhi) or कथाभि (kathābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	कथाय (kathāya)	कथानं (kathānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	कथाय (kathāya) or कथायं (kathāyaṃ)	कथासु (kathāsu)
Vocative (calling)	कथे (kathe)	कथायो (kathāyo) or कथा (kathā)

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

কথা (Assamese script)
ᬓᬣᬵ (Balinese script)
কথা (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰞𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ကထာ (Burmese script)
કથા (Gujarati script)
ਕਥਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌕𑌥𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦏꦡꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂍𑂟𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಕಥಾ (Kannada script)
កថា (Khmer script)
ກຖາ (Lao script)
കഥാ (Malayalam script)
ᡬᠠᡨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘎𑘞𑘰 (Modi script)
ᢉᠠᠲᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦮𑦾𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑐠𑐵 (Newa script)
କଥା (Odia script)
ꢒꢢꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆡𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖞𑖯 (Siddham script)
කථා (Sinhalese script)
𑩜𑩬𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚊𑚚𑚭 (Takri script)
கத²ா (Tamil script)
కథా (Telugu script)
กถา (Thai script)
ཀ་ཐཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒟𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨋𑨚𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology edit

Nominalized from the interrogative कथा (kathā, “how; whence; why”) (compare कथम् (katham)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kátʰaH (“in what way”), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *kʷós (compare similar formations: यथा (yathā) from *HyátʰaH (“in which way; as”) and तथा (tathā) from *tátʰaH (“in that way; so”)). The Sanskrit root is कथ् (kath).

Pronunciation edit

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ.tʰɑː/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐ.t̪ʰɑː/

Noun edit

कथा • (kathā) stem, f

Declension edit

Feminine ā-stem declension of कथा (kathā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कथा kathā	कथे kathe	कथाः kathāḥ
Vocative	कथे kathe	कथे kathe	कथाः kathāḥ
Accusative	कथाम् kathām	कथे kathe	कथाः kathāḥ
Instrumental	कथया / कथा¹ kathayā / kathā¹	कथाभ्याम् kathābhyām	कथाभिः kathābhiḥ
Dative	कथायै kathāyai	कथाभ्याम् kathābhyām	कथाभ्यः kathābhyaḥ
Ablative	कथायाः / कथायै² kathāyāḥ / kathāyai²	कथाभ्याम् kathābhyām	कथाभ्यः kathābhyaḥ
Genitive	कथायाः / कथायै² kathāyāḥ / kathāyai²	कथयोः kathayoḥ	कथानाम् kathānām
Locative	कथायाम् kathāyām	कथयोः kathayoḥ	कथासु kathāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms edit

कथासरित्सागर (kathāsaritsāgara)
*कथावार्त्ता (kathāvārttā)

Descendants edit

→ English: kathak, katha
→ Kannada: ಕತೆ (kate), ಕಥೆ (kathe)
→ Malayalam: കഥ (katha)
Pali: kathā
- → Khmer: កថា (ka’tʰaa)
- → Tagalog: katha
- → Malay: kata
  - → Indonesian: kata
- → Minangkabau: kato
→ Punjabi: ਕਥਾ (kathā)
→ Tamil: கதை (katai)
→ Telugu: కథ (katha)

References edit

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kathā‍”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 135
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 295