काक

See also: काकू and काका

Khaling

Etymology

Cognate with Garo kak. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

काक (kaak)

basket

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

kāka (Latin script)
𑀓𑀸𑀓 (Brahmi script)
কাক (Bengali script)
කාක (Sinhalese script)
ကာက or ၵႃၵ (Burmese script)
กาก or กากะ (Thai script)
ᨠᩣᨠ (Tai Tham script)
ກາກ or ກາກະ (Lao script)
កាក (Khmer script)
𑄇𑄂𑄇 (Chakma script)

Noun

काक m

Devanagari script form of kāka

Declension

Declension table of "काक" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	काको (kāko)	काका (kākā)
Accusative (second)	काकं (kākaṃ)	काके (kāke)
Instrumental (third)	काकेन (kākena)	काकेहि (kākehi) or काकेभि (kākebhi)
Dative (fourth)	काकस्स (kākassa) or काकाय (kākāya) or काकत्थं (kākatthaṃ)	काकानं (kākānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	काकस्मा (kākasmā) or काकम्हा (kākamhā) or काका (kākā)	काकेहि (kākehi) or काकेभि (kākebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	काकस्स (kākassa)	काकानं (kākānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	काकस्मिं (kākasmiṃ) or काकम्हि (kākamhi) or काके (kāke)	काकेसु (kākesu)
Vocative (calling)	काक (kāka)	काका (kākā)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

কাক (Assamese script)
ᬓᬵᬓ (Balinese script)
কাক (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰯𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑀸𑀓 (Brahmi script)
ကာက (Burmese script)
કાક (Gujarati script)
ਕਾਕ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌕𑌾𑌕 (Grantha script)
ꦏꦴꦏ (Javanese script)
𑂍𑂰𑂍 (Kaithi script)
ಕಾಕ (Kannada script)
កាក (Khmer script)
ກາກ (Lao script)
കാക (Malayalam script)
ᡬᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘎𑘰𑘎 (Modi script)
ᢉᠠᢗᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦮𑧑𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑐵𑐎 (Newa script)
କାକ (Odia script)
ꢒꢵꢒ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆳𑆑 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖯𑖎 (Siddham script)
කාක (Sinhalese script)
𑩜𑩛𑩜 (Soyombo script)
𑚊𑚭𑚊 (Takri script)
காக (Tamil script)
కాక (Telugu script)
กาก (Thai script)
ཀཱ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒰𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
𑨋𑨊𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Imitative, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”) or Derived from Proto-Dravidian *kākkay.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɑː.kɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑː.kɐ/

Noun

काक • (kāka) stem, m

(onomatopoeia) (imitation of the cawing of the crow), a crow
(onomatopoeia) (imitation of the crowing of the rooster)
(poetry) an expression of contempt

Descendants

Dardic:
- Gawar-Bati: کوٹو (káuṭɔ)
- Indus Kohistani: qā
- Kashmiri: کاو (kāv)
- Khowar: کاغ (kaġ)
- Pashayi:
  - Northwest Pashayi: kāīk, kaī
- Shina: کاں (kā̃)
  - Kohistani Shina: کاہ (kāh)
- Torwali: کک (kak)
Pali: kāka, kākī
Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀬 (kāya), 𑀓𑀸𑀈 (kāī)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀕 (kāga)
    - Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      - Old Hindi:
        Hindustani:
        Hindi: काग (kāg)
        
        Urdu: کَاگ (kāg)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Early Assamese:
      - Assamese: কাউৰী (kauri), কোৱা (küa)
    - Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠅꠅꠣ (xaooa)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Nepali: काग (kāg)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Lahnda: کاں (kā̃)
      - Punjabi: kā̃
        Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਂ (kā̃)
        
        Shahmukhi script: کاں (kāṉ)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: kā̃
        Arabic script: ڪَان
        
        Devanagari script: कां
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ކާޅު (kāḷu), ކައުޅު (kauḷu)
    - Sinhalese: කා (kā)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀅 (kāa) (see there for further descendants)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀕 (kāga)
    - Gurjara Apabhramsa:
      - Old Gujarati:
        Gujarati: કાગ (kāg), કાગડો (kāgḍo)
- ⇒ Prakrit: *𑀓𑀸𑀓-𑀉𑀓 (*kāka-uka)
  - Central:
    - Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀓𑀸𑀕-𑀉𑀕 (*kāga-uga)^[1]
      - Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
        Hindustani:
        Hindi: कौआ (kauā)
        
        Urdu: کَوّا (kavvā)
  - Eastern:
    - Magadhi Prakrit:
      - Bengali: কাউয়া (kauẏa)
      - Bihari:
        Bhojpuri: कउआ (kauā)
      - Odia: କାଉ (kāu)
  - Northern:
    - Khasa Prakrit:
      - Central Pahari:
        Kumaoni: कव (kaw)
      - Western Pahari:
        Bhadrawahi: कौ (kau)
  - Northwestern:
    - Paisaci Prakrit:
      - Takka Apabhramsa:
        Lahnda: کاءں (kāũ)
        
        Punjabi: ਕਂਉ (kãu), ਕਊਆ (kaūā), ਕਾਉਣੀ (kāuṇī)
      - Vracada Apabhramsa:
        Sindhi: kā̃ũ
        Arabic script: ڪَاءُن
        
        Devanagari script: काउं
  - Southern:
    - Maharastri Prakrit:
      - Marathi: काऊ (kāū)
  - Western:
    - Sauraseni Prakrit:
      - Gujarati: કાઉ (kāu)
- ⇒ Prakrit: *𑀓𑀸𑀓-𑀭 (*kāka-ra)
  - Eastern:
    - Magadhi Prakrit:
      - Assamese: কাউৰী (kauri)
- ⇒ Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀓𑀮 (kākala)
  - Southern:
    - Maharastri Prakrit:
      - Konkani: kāvḷo
        Devanagari script: कावळो
        
        Kannada script: ಕಾವ್ಳೊ
        
        Latin script: kavllo
      - Marathi: कावळा (kāvḷā)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: কাক (kak)
→ Kannada: ಕಾಕ (kāka)
→ Malayalam: കാകം (kākaṁ)
→ Old Marathi: kāg
Devanagari script: काग

Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘐
→ Tamil: காகம் (kākam)
→ Telugu: కాకము (kākamu), కాకి (kāki)

References

^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāˊka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

[1] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāˊka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

[1]