श्वशुर

See also: श्वश्रू

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শ্বশুৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬰ᭄ᬯᬰᬸᬭ (Balinese script)
• শ্বশুর (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰿𑰪𑰫𑰲𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀰𑀼𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ၐွၐုရ (Burmese script)
• શ્વશુર (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼੍ਵਸ਼ੁਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍍𑌵𑌶𑍁𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦯ꧀ꦮꦯꦸꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂹𑂫𑂬𑂳𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಶ್ವಶುರ (Kannada script)
• ឝ្វឝុរ (Khmer script)
• ຨ຺ວຨຸຣ (Lao script)
• ശ്വശുര (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠣᠸᠠᡧᡠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘿𑘪𑘫𑘳𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠱᢦᠱᠤᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧠𑧊𑧋𑧔𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐸𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଶ୍ଵଶୁର (Odia script)
• ꢯ꣄ꢮꢯꢸꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑇀𑆮𑆯𑆶𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖿𑖪𑖫𑖲𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ශ‍්වශුර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿 𑪙𑩾𑩿𑩒𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚶𑚦𑚧𑚰𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஶ்வஶுர (Tamil script)
• శ్వశుర (Telugu script)
• ศฺวศุร (Thai script)
• ཤྭ་ཤུ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒬𑒳𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑩇𑨭𑨮𑨃𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swáćuras, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros (“father-in-law”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἑκυρός (hekurós), Latin socer, Old English sweor.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕʋɐ́.ɕu.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕʋɐ.ɕu.ɾɐ/

Noun

श्वशुर • (śváśura) stem, m

1. father-in-law (either the husband's or the wife's father)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.95.4:

     सा वसु॒ दध॑ती॒ श्वशु॑राय॒ वय॒ उषो॒ यदि॒ वष्ट्यन्ति॑गृहात् ।
     अस्तं॑ ननक्षे॒ यस्मि॑ञ्चा॒कन्दिवा॒ नक्तं॑ श्नथि॒ता वै॑त॒सेन॑ ॥

     sā́ vásu dádhatī śváśurāya váya úṣo yádi váṣṭyántigṛhāt.
     ástaṃ nanakṣe yásmiñcākándívā náktaṃ śnathitā́ vaitaséna.

     Giving her husband's father life and riches, from the neighbouring dwelling, when her lover craved her,
     She sought the home wherein she found her pleasure, accepting day and night her husband's embraces.

Usage notes

It can indicate both the husband's or the wife's father. In the oldest language however it only denotes the husband’s father.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्वशुर (śváśura)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्वशुरः śváśuraḥ	श्वशुरौ / श्वशुरा¹ śváśurau / śváśurā¹	श्वशुराः / श्वशुरासः¹ śváśurāḥ / śváśurāsaḥ¹
Vocative	श्वशुर śváśura	श्वशुरौ / श्वशुरा¹ śváśurau / śváśurā¹	श्वशुराः / श्वशुरासः¹ śváśurāḥ / śváśurāsaḥ¹
Accusative	श्वशुरम् śváśuram	श्वशुरौ / श्वशुरा¹ śváśurau / śváśurā¹	श्वशुरान् śváśurān
Instrumental	श्वशुरेण śváśureṇa	श्वशुराभ्याम् śváśurābhyām	श्वशुरैः / श्वशुरेभिः¹ śváśuraiḥ / śváśurebhiḥ¹
Dative	श्वशुराय śváśurāya	श्वशुराभ्याम् śváśurābhyām	श्वशुरेभ्यः śváśurebhyaḥ
Ablative	श्वशुरात् śváśurāt	श्वशुराभ्याम् śváśurābhyām	श्वशुरेभ्यः śváśurebhyaḥ
Genitive	श्वशुरस्य śváśurasya	श्वशुरयोः śváśurayoḥ	श्वशुराणाम् śváśurāṇām
Locative	श्वशुरे śváśure	श्वशुरयोः śváśurayoḥ	श्वशुरेषु śváśureṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: išpášur
  • Khowar: اِشپَشُر (išpašúr)
  • Kashmiri: ہِہُر (hihur), ہیُٛہُر (hyuhur)
• Gandhari: 𐨯𐨿𐨤𐨭𐨂𐨪 (spaśura) (from unassimilated Sanskrit *स्वशुर (svaśura))
• Pali: sasura
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲𑀼𑀭 (sasura), 𑀲𑀼𑀲𑀼𑀭 (susura)
  • Central:
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: ससुर (sasur)

      Urdu: سُسَر (susar)

  • Eastern:
    • Bengali-Assamese:
      • Assamese: শহুৰ (xohur)
      • Bengali: শ্বশুর (śśośur), শউর (śour), হউর (hour)
      • Sylheti: ꠢꠃꠞ (hoúr)
    • Odia: ଶ୍ୱଶୁର (śwaśura)
  • Northern:
    • Nepali: ससुरा (sasurā)
  • Northwestern:
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਸਹੁਰਾ (sahurā)

      Shahmukhi script: سَوہرا (sauhrā)

  • Western:
    • Gujarati: સસરો (sasro)
    • Romani: sastro
• → Telugu: శ్వశురుడు (śvaśuruḍu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “श्वशुर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1105/3.