सगर

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সগৰ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬕᬭ (Balinese script)
সগর (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰐𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀕𑀭 (Brahmi script)
သဂရ (Burmese script)
સગર (Gujarati script)
ਸਗਰ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌗𑌰 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦒꦫ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂏𑂩 (Kaithi script)
ಸಗರ (Kannada script)
សគរ (Khmer script)
ສຄຣ (Lao script)
സഗര (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠᡤᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘐𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᠺᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑦰𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐐𑐬 (Newa script)
ସଗର (Odia script)
ꢱꢔꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆓𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖐𑖨 (Siddham script)
සගර (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩞𑩼 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚌𑚤 (Takri script)
ஸக³ர (Tamil script)
సగర (Telugu script)
สคร (Thai script)
ས་ག་ར (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒑𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨍𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɐ.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/

Etymology 1

Of uncertain origin.

Probably a compound word. Its first component is most likely स- (sa-, conjunction prefix); compare the usage of the related सम्- (sam-, “together”) in समुद्र (samudra, “sea”).

The second component has a more ambiguous interpretation. Various theories have been proposed:

From गॄ (gṝ, “to devour”), whence गर (gara, “swallowing; a beverage”).
From the same root that जल (jala, “water”) comes from, perhaps गल् (gal, “to drip”).
Related to Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (agorā́, “assembly”).
Less likely, from गॄ (gṝ, “to invoke, call; welcome, pronounce”), with the interpretation of the full word as "accompanied by praise".

Noun

सगर • (sagara) stem, m

(rare) ocean

Usage notes

Rare in practice. Its vṛddhi derivative, सागर (sāgara), is used much more frequently instead.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सगर (sagara)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सगरः sagaraḥ	सगरौ / सगरा¹ sagarau / sagarā¹	सगराः / सगरासः¹ sagarāḥ / sagarāsaḥ¹
Vocative	सगर sagara	सगरौ / सगरा¹ sagarau / sagarā¹	सगराः / सगरासः¹ sagarāḥ / sagarāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सगरम् sagaram	सगरौ / सगरा¹ sagarau / sagarā¹	सगरान् sagarān
Instrumental	सगरेण sagareṇa	सगराभ्याम् sagarābhyām	सगरैः / सगरेभिः¹ sagaraiḥ / sagarebhiḥ¹
Dative	सगराय sagarāya	सगराभ्याम् sagarābhyām	सगरेभ्यः sagarebhyaḥ
Ablative	सगरात् sagarāt	सगराभ्याम् sagarābhyām	सगरेभ्यः sagarebhyaḥ
Genitive	सगरस्य sagarasya	सगरयोः sagarayoḥ	सगराणाम् sagarāṇām
Locative	सगरे sagare	सगरयोः sagarayoḥ	सगरेषु sagareṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2

Compound of स- (sa-, “with”) +‎ गर (gará, “poison”).

Proper noun

सगर • (sagara) stem, m

(Hinduism) Sagara, a king of Ayodhya, and the father of Asamanjasa.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सगर (sagara)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सगरः sagaraḥ	सगरौ sagarau	सगराः sagarāḥ
Vocative	सगर sagara	सगरौ sagarau	सगराः sagarāḥ
Accusative	सगरम् sagaram	सगरौ sagarau	सगरान् sagarān
Instrumental	सगरेण sagareṇa	सगराभ्याम् sagarābhyām	सगरैः sagaraiḥ
Dative	सगराय sagarāya	सगराभ्याम् sagarābhyām	सगरेभ्यः sagarebhyaḥ
Ablative	सगरात् sagarāt	सगराभ्याम् sagarābhyām	सगरेभ्यः sagarebhyaḥ
Genitive	सगरस्य sagarasya	सगरयोः sagarayoḥ	सगराणाम् sagarāṇām
Locative	सगरे sagare	सगरयोः sagarayoḥ	सगरेषु sagareṣu

References

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 685
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 414