Bhojpuri

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Noun

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समुद्र (samudram (Kaithi 𑂮𑂧𑂳𑂠𑂹𑂩)

  1. Alternative form of समुंद्र (samundra)

Hindi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra). Doublet of समंदर (samandar).

Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /sə.mʊd̪.ɾᵊ/, [sɐ.mʊd̪.ɾᵊ]

Noun

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समुद्र (samudram (Urdu spelling سمدر)

  1. sea (body of water)
    Synonyms: समंदर (samandar), समुंदर (samundar), सागर (sāgar), दरिया (dariyā)

Declension

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Marathi

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Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia mr

Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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समुद्र (samudran

  1. sea
    Synonym: सागर (sāgar)

Declension

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Declension of समुद्र (neut cons-stem)
direct
singular
समुद्र
samudr
direct
plural
समुद्रे, समुद्रं
samudre, samudra
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा
समुद्र
samudr
समुद्रे, समुद्रं
samudre, samudra
oblique
सामान्यरूप
समुद्रा
samudrā
समुद्रां-
samudrān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी
समुद्राला
samudrālā
समुद्रांना
samudrānnā
ergative समुद्राने, समुद्रानं
samudrāne, samudrāna
समुद्रांनी
samudrānnī
instrumental समुद्राशी
samudrāśī
समुद्रांशी
samudrānśī
locative
सप्तमी
समुद्रात
samudrāt
समुद्रांत
samudrāt
vocative
संबोधन
समुद्रा
samudrā
समुद्रांनो
samudrānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of समुद्र (neut cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म
feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म
neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म
oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular*
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता
समुद्राचा
samudrāċā
समुद्राचे
samudrāċe
समुद्राची
samudrācī
समुद्राच्या
samudrācā
समुद्राचे, समुद्राचं
samudrāċe, samudrāċa
समुद्राची
samudrācī
समुद्राच्या
samudrācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता
समुद्रांचा
samudrānċā
समुद्रांचे
samudrānċe
समुद्रांची
samudrāñcī
समुद्रांच्या
samudrāncā
समुद्रांचे, समुद्रांचं
samudrānċe, samudrānċa
समुद्रांची
samudrāñcī
समुद्रांच्या
samudrāñcā
* Note: Word-final (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

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References

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  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “समुद्र”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “समुद्र”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “समुद्र”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
  • दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “समुद्र”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Nepali

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [sʌmud̪rʌ]
  • Phonetic Devanagari: समुद्र

Noun

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समुद्र (samudra)

  1. sea

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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From सम्- (sam-, together) + Proto-Indo-European *ud-ró-s (water). By surface analysis, सम्- (sam-, together, wholly) +‎ उद्र (udra, water). Related to उदन् (udan) and उदक (udaka).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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समुद्र (samudrá) stemm or n

  1. any large body of water, confluence of two rivers; especially the sea, ocean
    Synonym: सागर (sāgara)
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.72.3:
      इन्द्रा॑सोमा॒वहि॑म॒पः प॑रि॒ष्ठां ह॒थो वृ॒त्रमनु॑ वां॒ द्यौर॑मन्यत।
      प्रार्णां॑स्यैरयतं न॒दीना॒मा स॑मु॒द्राणि॑ पप्रथुः पु॒रूणि॑॥
      índrāsomāváhimapáḥ pariṣṭhā́ṃ hathó vṛtrámánu vāṃ dyaúramanyata.
      prā́rṇāṃsyairayataṃ nadī́nāmā́ samudrā́ṇi paprathuḥ purū́ṇi.
      Indra and Soma, you slew Vṛtra; the obstructer of the water; for which the heaven venerates you both; you have urged on the waters of the rivers until they have replenished numerous oceans.

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of समुद्र (samudrá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative समुद्रः
samudráḥ
समुद्रौ / समुद्रा¹
samudraú / samudrā́¹
समुद्राः / समुद्रासः¹
samudrā́ḥ / samudrā́saḥ¹
Vocative समुद्र
sámudra
समुद्रौ / समुद्रा¹
sámudrau / sámudrā¹
समुद्राः / समुद्रासः¹
sámudrāḥ / sámudrāsaḥ¹
Accusative समुद्रम्
samudrám
समुद्रौ / समुद्रा¹
samudraú / samudrā́¹
समुद्रान्
samudrā́n
Instrumental समुद्रेण
samudréṇa
समुद्राभ्याम्
samudrā́bhyām
समुद्रैः / समुद्रेभिः¹
samudraíḥ / samudrébhiḥ¹
Dative समुद्राय
samudrā́ya
समुद्राभ्याम्
samudrā́bhyām
समुद्रेभ्यः
samudrébhyaḥ
Ablative समुद्रात्
samudrā́t
समुद्राभ्याम्
samudrā́bhyām
समुद्रेभ्यः
samudrébhyaḥ
Genitive समुद्रस्य
samudrásya
समुद्रयोः
samudráyoḥ
समुद्राणाम्
samudrā́ṇām
Locative समुद्रे
samudré
समुद्रयोः
samudráyoḥ
समुद्रेषु
samudréṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter a-stem declension of समुद्र (samudrá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative समुद्रम्
samudrám
समुद्रे
samudré
समुद्राणि / समुद्रा¹
samudrā́ṇi / samudrā́¹
Vocative समुद्र
sámudra
समुद्रे
sámudre
समुद्राणि / समुद्रा¹
sámudrāṇi / sámudrā¹
Accusative समुद्रम्
samudrám
समुद्रे
samudré
समुद्राणि / समुद्रा¹
samudrā́ṇi / samudrā́¹
Instrumental समुद्रेण
samudréṇa
समुद्राभ्याम्
samudrā́bhyām
समुद्रैः / समुद्रेभिः¹
samudraíḥ / samudrébhiḥ¹
Dative समुद्राय
samudrā́ya
समुद्राभ्याम्
samudrā́bhyām
समुद्रेभ्यः
samudrébhyaḥ
Ablative समुद्रात्
samudrā́t
समुद्राभ्याम्
samudrā́bhyām
समुद्रेभ्यः
samudrébhyaḥ
Genitive समुद्रस्य
samudrásya
समुद्रयोः
samudráyoḥ
समुद्राणाम्
samudrā́ṇām
Locative समुद्रे
samudré
समुद्रयोः
samudráyoḥ
समुद्रेषु
samudréṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

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Borrowed terms

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