सायम्
Sanskrit edit
Alternative forms edit
Alternative scripts
- সায়ম্ (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬵᬬᬫ᭄ (Balinese script)
- সায়ম্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰯𑰧𑰦𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀸𑀬𑀫𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- သာယမ် (Burmese script)
- સાયમ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਸਾਯਮ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌾𑌯𑌮𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦴꦪꦩ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂰𑂨𑂧𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಸಾಯಮ್ (Kannada script)
- សាយម៑ (Khmer script)
- ສາຍມ຺ (Lao script)
- സായമ് (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᠠ᠊ᠠᠶᠠᠮ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘰𑘧𑘦𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠᠮ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧑𑧇𑧆𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐵𑐫𑐩𑑂 (Newa script)
- ସାଯମ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢱꢵꢫꢪ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆳𑆪𑆩𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖯𑖧𑖦𑖿 (Siddham script)
- සායම් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑩛𑩻𑩴 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚭𑚣𑚢𑚶 (Takri script)
- ஸாயம் (Tamil script)
- సాయమ్ (Telugu script)
- สายมฺ (Thai script)
- སཱ་ཡ་མ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒰𑒨𑒧𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨊𑨪𑨢𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
From साय (sāyá, “evening”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long, lasting”),[1][2] hence distantly related to Latin sērus.[3]
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
- in the evening, at eventide
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.146.3:
- उत गाव इवादन्त्युत वेश्मेव दृश्यते । उतो अरण्यानिः सायं शकटीरिव सर्जति ॥
- uta gāva ivādantyuta veśmeva dṛśyate . uto araṇyāniḥ sāyaṃ śakaṭīriva sarjati .
- And, there, cattle seem to graze, what seems a dwelling-place appears: Or else in the evening the goddess of the forest seems to free the carts.
- उत गाव इवादन्त्युत वेश्मेव दृश्यते । उतो अरण्यानिः सायं शकटीरिव सर्जति ॥
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.12.48:
- प्रयतः कीर्तयेत्प्रातः समवाये द्विजन्मनाम् । सायं च पुण्यश्लोकस्य ध्रुवस्य चरितं महत् ॥
- prayataḥ kīrtayetprātaḥ samavāye dvijanmanām . sāyaṃ ca puṇyaślokasya dhruvasya caritaṃ mahat .
- A pious person should chant of the character of the well-famed Dhruva in the morning and in the evening, in a society of persons of the 3 upper castes.
- प्रयतः कीर्तयेत्प्रातः समवाये द्विजन्मनाम् । सायं च पुण्यश्लोकस्य ध्रुवस्य चरितं महत् ॥
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 7.12.2.1:
- सायं प्रातरुपासीत गुर्वग्न्यर्कसुरोत्तमान् ।
- sāyaṃ prātarupāsīta gurvagnyarkasurottamān .
- In the evening and in the morning, one should worship his guru, Agni, Surya, and Vishnu.
- सायं प्रातरुपासीत गुर्वग्न्यर्कसुरोत्तमान् ।
Derived terms edit
- साय (sāya)
Descendants edit
Noun edit
सायम् • (sāyám) n
- nominative/accusative singular of साय (sāyá, “unloosing, unyoking”)
References edit
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 725
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sīro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 337
- ^ Monier Williams (1899) “सायम्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1207, column 2.
- ^ Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “सायम्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1673
Further reading edit
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sāyám”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 770
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “sāyam”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.