ულუნ
Laz edit
Etymology edit
From უ- (u-) + ლ(ვ)- (l(v)-) + -უნ (-un). Inherited from Proto-Georgian-Zan *wal- : *wl- (“to go”).
Verb edit
ულუნ • (ulun) (Latin spelling ulun)
- to go
- Synonyms: ნულუნ (nulun), იგზალამს (igzalams)
- დულჲაშა ულვან
- dulyaşa ulvan
- They go to work
- სითი იდი
- siti idi
- You go too
- პაპულიჩქიმი ბათუმიშა დულჲა ოხენუშა იტუ დო გენჭარეჲი ჭკინდუმტუ
- p̌ap̌uliçkimi batumişa dulya oxenuşa iťu do genç̌areyi ç̌ǩindumťu
- My grandfather was going to Batumi to do business and making money
- შკიმი დოლოქუნაშეფე ნუწირაჲ, დუგუნიშა იტაშა დოლვოქუნასენ
- şǩimi dolokunaşepe nuǯiray, dugunişa iťaşa dolvokunasen
- He approves of my clothes. He's going to wear them to the wedding.
- ალი დამუშიში ჭანდრაშა მენდახტუკო, დამუში გური კაჲი აჲასერტუ
- ali damuşişi ç̌andraşa mendaxťuǩo, damuşi guri ǩayi ayaserťu
- If Ali had gone to his sister's wedding, she would have been happy
- ანიმსეფეჩქიმიქ მა დიდო მპორომან. მოთალეტაზ ჲა დო მოდვალუ მიმფულამან.
- animsepeçkimik ma dido mp̌oroman. motaleťaz ya do modvalu mimpulaman.
- My nephews love me very much. They hide my shoe so that I can't leave.
Usage notes edit
- The perfective root of the main verbs derived from this verb is ხტ- (xť-) (Atina, Vizha and Artasheni) and ხთ- (xt-) (Vitse-Arkabi, Khopa and Chkala) and takes the form ამახტუ/ ამახთუ, ჯელახტუ/ გელახთუ/ გილახთუ (amaxťu/ amaxtu, celaxťu/ gelaxtu/ gilaxtu) etc.
- The subject of the perfect tense of the verb ულუნ (ulun) and verbs derived from it is either apsolutive or dative, depending on the region. In the Jigetore dialect it is both. But more often it is dative. That is, it is also "ჰიმ ალენ (him alen)", but more often it is "ჰიმუს ალენ (himus alen)". In the dialects of Vizha, both "ჰიმ ალენ (him alen)" and "ჰიმუ ალენ (himu alen)" are used. In the Chanapeti and Lome dialects, the subject is always absolutive and is called "ჰეჲა ალენ (heya alen)". In Borghola it is dative and is called "ჰემუზ ალენ (hemuz alen)".
- The subject of the experiential tense of the verb ულუნ (ulun) and its derivatives is either apsolutive or dative, depending on the region. In the Atina dialect it is called "ჰიმუს ულვაფუნ (himus ulvapun)". In the Ghvant dialect it is both "ჰიმ ულვაფუნ (him ulvapun)" and "ჰიმუ ულვაფუნ (himu ulvapun)". In the Chanapeti and Lome dialects, the subject is always absolutive and is called "ჰეჲა უხთიმუნ (heya uxtimun)". In Borმგჰola, it is dative and it is said "ჰემუზ უხთიმუნ (hemuz uxtimun)". In Batumi it is also dative and called ემუს უხთიმუნ (emus uxtimun).
- Verbal noun differs between dialects; ოლვა (olva) (Atina, Vizha, Artasheni), ოხთიმუ (oxtimu) (Vitse-Arkabi,Khopa-Batumi,Chkhala), ხთიმუა (xtimua) (Chkhala)
Further reading edit
- Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “ulun”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı[1] (in Turkish)
- Tandilava, Ali (2013) “ოხთიმუ”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary][2], online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi