ḥꜣp

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːʀap/ → /ˈħaːʀap/ → /ˈħaːʔəp/ → /ˈħoːʔəp/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːʀap/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːʀap/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːʔəp/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħoːʔəp/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑp/
  • Conventional anglicization: hap

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to conceal, to hide

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥꜣp (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥꜣp, geminated stem: ḥꜣpp

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥꜣp	ḥꜣpw, ḥꜣp	ḥꜣpt	ḥꜣp	ḥꜣp

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥꜣp	ḥr ḥꜣp	m ḥꜣp	r ḥꜣp

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥꜣp.n	ḥꜣpw, ḥꜣp	consecutive	ḥꜣp.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḥꜣpt
perfective3	ḥꜣp	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḥꜣp.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḥꜣp	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḥꜣp	ḥꜣpp	potentialis1	ḥꜣp.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḥꜣp	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥꜣp.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḥꜣp	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥꜣp	ḥꜣp, ḥꜣpw5, ḥꜣpy5
imperfective	ḥꜣp, ḥꜣpy, ḥꜣpw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥꜣp, ḥꜣpj6, ḥꜣpy6	ḥꜣp, ḥꜣpw5
prospective	ḥꜣp, ḥꜣptj7	—	ḥꜣptj4, ḥꜣpt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Descendants

• Demotic: ḥp
  • Coptic: ϩⲱⲡ (hōp)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 343.