ἐΰς

See also: -εύς

Ancient Greek

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀄- (e-u-), of disputed origin:^[1]

Has been connected with Sanskrit सु- (su-) and Hittite 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑 (āššuš), which would point to Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”); this may itself derive from *h₁es- (“to be”).
A competing theory, however, connects the word with Sanskrit वसु (vásu-), Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎- (vohu-), Illyrian *Vescleves, Middle Irish feb (“eminence”), which would derive from a Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus (“good”). This theory would be supported by a reading δὲ ἐάων (dè eáōn) in book 24, line 528 of the Iliad, where the lack of elision would suggest an initial *w; however, this reading is late and therefore uncertain.

It is possible that the two competing roots are ultimately related, stemming from a Proto-Indo-European *h₁wes- (“good”); this is debated, however.

ἐῠ̈́ς • (eǘs)

(poetic) good, brave, noble
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.819:
  Δαρδανίων αὖτ’ ἦρχεν ἐῢς πάϊς Ἀγχῑ́σᾱο Αἰνείᾱς
  Dardaníōn aût’ êrkhen eǜs páïs Ankhī́sāo Aineíās
  Aeneas, the brave son of Anchises, was again captain of the Dardanians.

Irregular declension of ἐΰς; —; ἠΰ (Epic)

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἐΰς / ἠΰς eǘs / ēǘs	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	—	—	ἠέᾰ? ēéa?
Genitive	ἐῆος eêos	—	ἐῆος eêos	ἐᾱ́ων eā́ōn	—	ἐᾱ́ων eā́ōn
Dative	—	—	—	—	—	—
Accusative	ἐΰν / ἠΰν eǘn / ēǘn	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	—	—	ἠέᾰ? ēéa?
Vocative	—	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	—	—	—
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Irregular declension of ἐΰς; —; ἠΰ (Attic)

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἐΰς eǘs	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	ἠεῖς ēeîs	—	ἠᾶ ēâ
Genitive	ἐῆος eêos	—	ἐῆος eêos	ἐῶν eôn	—	ἐῶν eôn
Dative	ἐῆει eêei	—	ἐῆει eêei	ἐῆσι / ἐῆσιν eêsi(n)	—	ἐῆσι / ἐῆσιν eêsi(n)
Accusative	ἐΰν eǘn	—	ἠΰ ēǘ	ἠεῖς ēeîs	—	ἠᾶ ēâ
Vocative	—	—	—	—	—	—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐΰς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 484-5