Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁su-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possible metathesis of *h₁wes- (“good”), or perhaps related to *h₁es- (“to be”).

Hittite 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑 (āššuš, “good”) and possibly Epic Greek ἠΰς (ēǘs, id.) provide strong evidence for a u-stem adjective *h₁óh₁s-u-s, gen.sg. *h₁h₁s-éw-s, which would point to a reduplicated root *h₁es-. Since Proto-Indo-European apparently did not allow geminate clusters, the weak stem would have simplified to *h₁s-éw-; this could be the source of the combining form *h₁su-, with which it would be identical in the zero-grade.

Prefix

*h₁su-

1. good

   Synonym: *h₁wes-

Antonyms

• *dus-

Derived terms

• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sùdarwas
  • Lithuanian: sūdrùs
  • Proto-Slavic: *sъdorvъ
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *suwrēt-, *surēt-
  • Lithuanian: surėsti
  • Proto-Slavic: *sъrěsti

Descendants

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁su- (6 c, 0 e)

• Proto-Celtic: *su- (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *su-
  • Lithuanian: su-
  • Proto-Slavic: *sъ-
• Proto-Hellenic: *ehu- (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hsu- (see there for further descendants)
  • → Old Armenian: հ- (h-) (or inherited and contaminated with the Iranian)