ἔρομαι
Ancient Greek
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Hellenic *erwomai, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rou-neh₂-, which is probably related to Icelandic raun (“trial, test”).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /é.ro.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈe.ro.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈe.ro.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈe.ro.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈe.ro.me/
Verb
editἔρομαι • (éromai)
- to ask
- 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 192d:
- καὶ εἰ αὐτοῖς ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ κατακειμένοις ἐπιστὰς ὁ Ἥφαιστος, ἔχων τὰ ὄργανα, ἔροιτο: ‘τί ἔσθ᾽ ὃ βούλεσθε, ὦ ἄνθρωποι, ὑμῖν παρ᾽ ἀλλήλων γενέσθαι
- suppose that, as they [the lovers] lay together, Hephaestus should descend and stand over them, and showing his tools should ask: ‘What is it, mortals, that you would have of one another?
- καὶ εἰ αὐτοῖς ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ κατακειμένοις ἐπιστὰς ὁ Ἥφαιστος, ἔχων τὰ ὄργανα, ἔροιτο: ‘τί ἔσθ᾽ ὃ βούλεσθε, ὦ ἄνθρωποι, ὑμῖν παρ᾽ ἀλλήλων γενέσθαι
Usage notes
editThe present indicative of this verb is almost never used in Attic, being replaced by ἐρωτάω (erōtáō). Ionic and Epic use the alternative form εἴρομαι (eíromai) and the related verb ἐρέω (eréō).
Conjugation
edit Present: ἔρομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἔρομαι | ἔρῃ, ἔρει |
ἔρεται | ἔρεσθον | ἔρεσθον | ἐρόμεθᾰ | ἔρεσθε | ἔρονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἔρωμαι | ἔρῃ | ἔρηται | ἔρησθον | ἔρησθον | ἐρώμεθᾰ | ἔρησθε | ἔρωνται | |||||
optative | ἐροίμην | ἔροιο | ἔροιτο | ἔροισθον | ἐροίσθην | ἐροίμεθᾰ | ἔροισθε | ἔροιντο | |||||
imperative | ἔρου | ἐρέσθω | ἔρεσθον | ἐρέσθων | ἔρεσθε | ἐρέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἔρεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐρόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἐρομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἐρόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: εἰρόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | εἰρόμην | εἴρου | εἴρετο | εἴρεσθον | εἰρέσθην | εἰρόμεθᾰ | εἴρεσθε | εἴροντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ἐρήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἐρήσομαι | ἐρήσῃ, ἐρήσει |
ἐρήσεται | ἐρήσεσθον | ἐρήσεσθον | ἐρησόμεθᾰ | ἐρήσεσθε | ἐρήσονται | ||||
optative | ἐρησοίμην | ἐρήσοιο | ἐρήσοιτο | ἐρήσοισθον | ἐρησοίσθην | ἐρησοίμεθᾰ | ἐρήσοισθε | ἐρήσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐρήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐρησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἐρησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἐρησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἠρόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἠρόμην | ἤρου | ἤρετο | ἤρεσθον | ἠρέσθην | ἠρόμεθᾰ | ἤρεσθε | ἤροντο | ||||
subjunctive | ἔρωμαι | ἔρῃ | ἔρηται | ἔρησθον | ἔρησθον | ἐρώμεθᾰ | ἔρησθε | ἔρωνται | |||||
optative | ἐροίμην | ἔροιο | ἔροιτο | ἔροισθον | ἐροίσθην | ἐροίμεθᾰ | ἔροισθε | ἔροιντο | |||||
imperative | ἐροῦ | ἐρέσθω | ἔρεσθον | ἐρέσθων | ἔρεσθε | ἐρέσθων | |||||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐρέσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐρόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἐρομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἐρόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
edit- διέρομαι (diéromai)
- εἴρων (eírōn)
- ἐξέρομαι (exéromai)
- ἐπανέρομαι (epanéromai)
- ἐπέρομαι (epéromai)
- ἔρευνα (éreuna)
- προσανέρομαι (prosanéromai)
- συνέρομαι (sunéromai)
References
edit- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔρομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 391-92
Further reading
edit- “ἔρομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations