Ἰταλία

See also: Ιταλία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain.

An early borrowing from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of young cattle”) or a related Italic language with /w/ in the anlaut disappearing in Greek before the classical period, and later reanalyzed as Ῑ̓τᾰλός (Ītalós) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

In such case, derived from Proto-Italic *wetelos (“yearling, calf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (“year”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /iː.ta.lí.aː/ → /i.taˈli.a/ → /i.taˈli.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /iː.ta.lí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /i.taˈli.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /i.taˈli.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /i.taˈli.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /i.taˈli.a/

Proper noun

Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱ • (Ītalíā) f (genitive Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. (Classical Ancient Greek) southernmost Italy, roughly corresponding to modern Calabria
2. Italy (an ancient region in Southern Europe, corresponding to modern Italy)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱ; τῆς Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱ hē Ītalíā
Genitive	τῆς Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱς tês Ītalíās
Dative	τῇ Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾳ têi Ītalíāi
Accusative	τὴν Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱν tḕn Ītalíān
Vocative	Ῑ̓τᾰλῐ́ᾱ Ītalíā
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Ῑ̓τᾰλῐώτης (Ītaliṓtēs)

Descendants

• → Albanian: Itali
• → German: Italien
• Greek: Ιταλία (Italía)
• Latin: Ītalia
  • Catalan: Itàlia
  • Corsican: Italia
  • Emilian: Itâglia
  • → English: Italy
  • French: Italie
  • Friulian: Italie
  • Italian: Italia
    • → Arabic: إِيطَالِيَا (ʔīṭāliyā)
    • → Indonesian: Italia
    • → Korean: 이탈리아 (Itallia)
    • → Maltese: Italja
    • → Slavomolisano: Litalija
  • Ligurian: Italia
  • Lombard: Itàlia
  • Neapolitan: Italia
  • Occitan: Itàlia
  • Piedmontese: Italia
  • → Polish: Italia
  • Romagnol: Itâglia
  • Sardinian: Itàlia
  • Sicilian: Italia, Itàlia, Talia, Tàlia
  • Venetian: Itałia
• → Old Church Slavonic: Италиꙗ (Italija)
  • → Old East Slavic: Италиꙗ (Italija)
    • Old Ruthenian: *Италиꙗ (*Italija), *Італіꙗ (*Italija)
      • Belarusian: Іта́лія (Itálija)
      • Ukrainian: Іта́лія (Itálija)
    • Russian: Ита́лия (Itálija), Ита́лія (Itálija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
      • → Kyrgyz: Италия (İtaliya)
• → Serbo-Croatian: Italija
• → Slovene: Italija

References

• “Ἰταλία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Ἰταλία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• G2482 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,014