Ῥάβεννα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• Ῥᾰούεννᾰ (Rhaoúenna)

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Ravenna.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /r̥á.ben.na/ → /ˈra.βen.na/ → /ˈra.ve.na/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /r̥á.ben.na/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈra.ben.na/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈra.βen.na/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈra.ven.na/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈra.ve.na/

Proper noun

Ῥᾰ́βεννᾰ • (Rhábenna) f (genitive Ῥᾰβέννης); first declension

1. Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

   Synonym: Ῥήνη (Rhḗnē)

   • 498 CE – 518 CE, Zosimus, Historia Nova 5.27.250.3–18:

     Ἐν δὲ τῇ Ῥαβέννῃ (μητρόπολις δὲ Φλαμινίας, πόλις ἀρχαία, Θεσσαλῶν ἀποικία, Ῥήνη κληθεῖσα διὰ τὸ πανταχόθεν ὕδασι περιρρεῖσθαι, καὶ οὐχ ὡς Ὀλυμπιόδωρος ὁ Θηβαῖός φησι, διὰ τὸ Ῥῶμον, ὃς ἀδελφὸς γέγονε Ῥωμύλῳ, τῆς πόλεως ταύτης οἰκιστὴν γεγονέναι· Κουαδράτῳ γάρ, οἶμαι, θετέον, ἐν τῇ κατὰ τὸν βασιλέα Μάρκον ἱστορίᾳ τοῦτο περὶ τῆς πόλεως ταύτης διεξελθόντι) ἐν τῇ Ῥαβέννῃ τοίνυν ταύτῃ παρασκευαζομένῳ Στελίχωνι ταῖς Ἰλλυριῶν πόλεσι μετὰ στρατεύματος ἐπιστῆναι, καὶ σὺν Ἀλλαρίχῳ παρασπάσασθαι μὲν αὐτὰς Ἀρκαδίου περιποιῆσαι δὲ τῇ Ὁνωρίου βασιλείᾳ, δύο κωλύματα συνέβη παρεμπεσεῖν, φήμη τε ὡς Ἀλλάριχος τεθνεὼς εἴη διαδραμοῦσα, καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ῥώμης Ὁνωρίου γράμματα τοῦ βασιλέως ἀποδοθέντα, δι’ ὧν ἐδηλοῦτο ὡς Κωνσταντῖνος ἐπιθέμενος εἴη τυραννίδι καὶ ἐκ τῆς Βρεττανικῆς νήσου περαιωθεὶς ἐν τοῖς ὑπὲρ τὰς Ἄλπεις ἔθνεσι παραγένοιτο, τὰ βασιλέως ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι πράττων.

     En dè têi Rhabénnēi (mētrópolis dè Phlaminías, pólis arkhaía, Thessalôn apoikía, Rhḗnē klētheîsa dià tò pantakhóthen húdasi perirrheîsthai, kaì oukh hōs Olumpiódōros ho Thēbaîós phēsi, dià tò Rhômon, hòs adelphòs gégone Rhōmúlōi, tês póleōs taútēs oikistḕn gegonénai; Kouadrátōi gár, oîmai, thetéon, en têi katà tòn basiléa Márkon historíāi toûto perì tês póleōs taútēs diexelthónti) en têi Rhabénnēi toínun taútēi paraskeuazoménōi Stelíkhōni taîs Illuriôn pólesi metà strateúmatos epistênai, kaì sùn Allaríkhōi paraspásasthai mèn autàs Arkadíou peripoiêsai dè têi Honōríou basileíāi, dúo kōlúmata sunébē parempeseîn, phḗmē te hōs Allárikhos tethneṑs eíē diadramoûsa, kaì ek tês Rhṓmēs Honōríou grámmata toû basiléōs apodothénta, di’ hôn edēloûto hōs Kōnstantînos epithémenos eíē turannídi kaì ek tês Brettanikês nḗsou peraiōtheìs en toîs hupèr tàs Álpeis éthnesi paragénoito, tà basiléōs en taîs pólesi práttōn.

     • 1814 translation by an anonymous translator^[1]

       He arrived at Ravenna, an ancient city, which is the metropolis of the province of Flaminia, and a Thessalian colony. It is called Rhene, because it is surrounded by water (as the word Rhene imports), and not so named, as Olympiodorus of Thebes relates, from Remus, the brother of Romulus, who founded it; for he must yield in this to Quadratus, who has mentioned this very circumstance in his history of the emperor Marcus. At Ravenna, Stilico being intent on his preparations for attacking the Illyrian towns, and by the aid of Alaric expecting to separate them from Arcadius, and to unite them to the empire of Honorius, two impediments at the same time happened to fall in his way. These were a report that Alaric was dead, and letters from the emperor Honorius at Rome, informing him that Constantine had revolted, and had advanced from the island of Britain into the Transalpine provinces, where he conducted himself in the cities as emperor.

Declension

First declension of ἡ Ῥᾰ́βεννᾰ; τῆς Ῥᾰβέννης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Ῥᾰ́βεννᾰ hē Rhábenna
Genitive	τῆς Ῥᾰβέννης tês Rhabénnēs
Dative	τῇ Ῥᾰβέννῃ têi Rhabénnēi
Accusative	τὴν Ῥᾰ́βεννᾰν tḕn Rhábennan
Vocative	Ῥᾰ́βεννᾰ Rhábenna
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: Ραβέννα (Ravénna)

Further reading

• Ravenna on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “RAVENNA”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,024