菠薐草

Chinese

		spinach	grass; straw; draft (of a document) grass; straw; draft (of a document); careless; rough; manuscript; hasty
trad. (菠薐草)		菠薐	草
simp. #(菠薐草)		菠薐	草

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bōléngcǎo

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛ ㄌㄥˊ ㄘㄠˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bōléngcǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄌㄥˊ ㄘㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: boléngcǎo
    • Wade–Giles: po¹-lêng²-tsʻao³
    • Yale: bwō-léng-tsǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bolengtsao
    • Palladius: болэнцао (bolɛncao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lɤŋ³⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Noun

菠薐草

1. Synonym of 菠薐 (bōléng)

Japanese

菠薐草 (hōrensō): spinach plants growing in a pot.

Kanji in this term
菠	薐	草
ほ>ほう Hyōgaiji	りん>れん Hyōgaiji	そう Grade: 1
irregular		on’yomi

Alternative spellings
ほうれん草 法蓮草 鳳蓮草

Etymology

The plant was introduced to Japan in the 16th century from China. A number of Japanese sources state that the term 菠薐 (hōren) had previously been borrowed from Middle Chinese 菠薐 to refer vaguely to Persia or Nepal. The spinach plant did likely originate in the area of ancient Persia, but the Chinese term itself means spinach, not Nepal or Persia or any other place name. The plant was introduced to China via the region of Nepal around the year 647, suggesting that the Chinese term may have been borrowed from the Sanskrit language in use by the Licchavi kingdom ruling Nepal at that time. One possible Sanskrit source term is पालङ्ग (pālaṅga, “beet” or “beet greens” initially, later extended to also refer to “spinach”). Compare modern Nepali पालुङ्गो (pāluṅgo, “spinach”).

The Japanese term would thus be a compound of 菠薐 (hōren, “spinach”, obsolete, not used in modern Japanese) +‎ 草 (sō, “herb, plant”).

The alternative kanji spellings are ateji or phonetic substitutions.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほーれ​んそー [hòóréꜜǹsòò] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞ːɾẽ̞ɰ̃so̞ː]

Noun

菠薐草(ほうれんそう) or 菠薐草(ホウレンソウ) • (hōrensō) ^{←はうれんさう (faurensau)?}

1. spinach

Usage notes

The first two kanji are extremely rare; the second character appears to be used only in this term. These two kanji are often replaced with the kana spelling, as ほうれん草.

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ホウレンソウ.

References

• http://polyglotveg.blogspot.com.au/2007/09/kookoo.html