草
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han characterEdit
草 (radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿日十 (TAJ), four-corner 44406, composition ⿱艹早)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1030, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30945
- Dae Jaweon: page 1489, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3203, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8349
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 草 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 草 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 草 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (早) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 早 | *ʔsuːʔ |
| 草 | *sʰuːʔ |
| 愺 | *sʰuːʔ |
| 騲 | *sʰuːʔ |
| 皁 | *zuːʔ |
| 皂 | *zuːʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰuːʔ): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 早 (OC *ʔsuːʔ). Originally referred to 皂, and later borrowed for the “grass” sense, replacing 艸.
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tswa-n (“grass”); cognate with Tibetan རྩྭ (rtswa, “grass”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).
Alternatively, it may be related to 芻 (OC *sʰro, “hay”), from Austroasiatic; compare Mon ချဲ (“grass; weeds; hay”) (Schuessler, 2007).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
草
- grass; straw; thatch
- herbal grasses; herbs
- (by extension) any such green, leafy plant without any bark (plants, not trees)
- draft; sketch
- sloppy; hasty
- (calligraphy) Short for 草書／草书 (cǎoshū, “cursive script (grass script)”).
- (chemistry) oxalic
- (slang, euphemistic, Internet slang) Alternative form of 肏 (cào, “fuck”).
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
| For pronunciation and definitions of 草 – see 皂 (“black; acorn; etc.”). (This character, 草, is a variant form of 皂.) |
Etymology 3Edit
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 草
InterjectionEdit
草
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kun: くさ (kusa, 草, Jōyō)
- Nanori: そ (so); や (ya); かや (kaya); しげ (shige)
CompoundsEdit
- 篝火草 (kagaribisō): cyclamen
- 鹿の子草 (kanokosō): valerian
- 甘草 (kanzō): licorice
- 吉草 (kissō): valerian
- 駒草 (komakusa): Dicentra peregrina
- 纈草 (kessō): valerian
- 香草 (kōsō): fragrant herb
- 嫩草 (donsō): young grass
- 波布草 (habusō): coffee senna
- 菠薐草 (hōrensō): spinach
- 薬草 (yakusō): medicinal herb or plants
- 鎧草 (yoroigusa): Angelica dahurica
- 緑草 (ryokusō): lush green grass
- 霊草 (reisō): mysterious or mystical herb or plants
- 草書 (sōsho): grass script (cursive writing)
- 草冠 (kusakanmuri): "grass crown"
- 草木 (kusaki): grass(es) and trees - plants
- 穀草 (kokusō): cereal, rice grasses
- 草原 (sōgen): grassland, meadow
- 草薙の剣 (Kusanaki no Tsurugi): Kusanagi no Tsurugi
- 七草の節句 (nanakusa no sekku): the festival of seven herbs
- 豚草 (butakusa): common ragweed
- ぺんぺん草 (penpengusa): shepherd's purse
ReferencesEdit
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- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Etymology 1Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 草 |
| くさ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kusa. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.
The development of the fake, amateur senses is unclear.
PronunciationEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- 艸 (uncommon)
NounEdit
- grass
- a weed
- a herb
- a scout, a spy (from the way one would hide in the grass to observe enemy troops)
- (figuratively, slang, rare) pubic hair
PrefixEdit
- a fake, a mimic, not the real thing
- 草蜉蝣
- kusakagerō
- a lacewing fly (literally, “fake or mimic dragonfly”, from the visual resemblance)
- 草蜉蝣
- amateur, small-time
- 草野球、草競馬
- kusayakyū, kusakeiba
- amateur or pick-up baseball, small-time horse-racing
- 草野球、草競馬
Etymology 2Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 草 |
| そう Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
/sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/
From Middle Chinese 草 (MC t͡sʰɑuX).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
草 (hiragana そう, rōmaji sō, historical hiragana さう)
- grass
- a draft, a rough copy
- cursive, calligraphy in a running hand
- something unofficial, an informal abbreviation or knock-off
SynonymsEdit
- (draft): 草案 (sōan)
- (cursive): 草書 (sōsho, a document), 草仮名 (sōgana, phonetic man'yōgana characters written in cursive)
Etymology 3Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 草 |
| くさ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
From the resemblance of multiple repetitions of w (“LOL”) to grass: wwwwwwwww.
Possibly influenced by the term くすくす (kusukusu), an adverb indicating stifled laughter. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
PhraseEdit
- Short for 草生える (kusa haeru): (Internet slang) …it's hilarious
- 鯖落ちて草
- saba ochite kusa
- lol the server's down
- 下手すぎて草
- heta-sugite kusa
- hilariously shitty
- 4日しかないのは草
- yokka shika nai no wa kusa
- I've got only 4 days left lol
- 鯖落ちて草
Derived termsEdit
- 大草原 (daisōgen, literally “great fields of grass”)
- 草生える (kusahaeru, literally “grass grows”)
- 草不可避 (kusafukahi, literally “grass unavoidable”)
- 草に草生やすな (kusa ni kusa hayasu-na, literally “don't grow grass near grass”)