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草

草 U+8349, 草
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8349
← 荈
[U+8348]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 荊 →
[U+834A]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

草 (radical 140 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿日十 (TAJ), four-corner 44406, composition ⿱艹早)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1030, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30945
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1489, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3203, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8349

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 草

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 草
Large seal script Small seal script
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (早) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
早 *ʔsuːʔ
草 *sʰuːʔ
愺 *sʰuːʔ
騲 *sʰuːʔ
皁 *zuːʔ
皂 *zuːʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰuːʔ): semantic 艹 + phonetic 早 (OC *ʔsuːʔ).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • chháu - vernacular;
  • chhó/chhó͘ - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 草
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰɑu²¹⁴/
Harbin /t͡sʰau²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰɑu¹³/
Jinan /t͡sʰɔ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /t͡sʰɔ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰau⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡sʰau⁵³/
Xining /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰɔ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰau⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡sʰau⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰao⁴²/
Kunming /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
Nanjing /t͡sʰɔo²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sʰɔ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰau⁵³/
Pingyao /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰæ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰɜ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡sʰə³¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰau⁴¹/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰaɯ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɑu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰau³¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰo³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰou³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰu³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰou³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰo⁵³/
/t͡sʰau⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰau³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰau²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰau⁵³/
/t͡sʰo⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sau²¹³/
Rime
Character 草
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 采老切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sʰɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sʰɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sʰɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sʰawX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sʰɑuX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sʰɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sʰɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 cǎo
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 草 草
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cǎo cǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tshawX › ‹ tshawX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[tsʰ]ˤuʔ/ /*[tsʰ]ˤuʔ/
English grass, plants rough, coarse

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 草
Reading # 1/1
No. 16547
Phonetic
component		 早
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 草
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰuːʔ/
Notes 說文作艸

DefinitionsEdit

草

  1. grass; straw; thatch
  2. herbal grasses; herbs
  3. (by extension) any such green, leafy plant without any bark (plants, not trees)
  4. draft; sketch
  5. sloppy; hasty
  6. (calligraphy) Short for 草書／草书 (cǎoshū, “cursive script (grass script)”).
  7. (slang, euphemistic) Alternative form of 肏 (cào, “fuck”).

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 草

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

草

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

SynonymsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • New Nelson: 5032
  • Halpern: 2263
  • Halpern Learners: 1450
  • Heisig: 224
  • Tuttle Kanji Dictionary: 3k6.13
  1. Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
草
くさ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

草 (hiragana くさ, rōmaji kusa)

  1. grass; a weed
  2. a herb
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
草
そう
Grade: 1
on’yomi

/sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/

From Middle Chinese 草 (tshawX).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

草 (hiragana そう, rōmaji sō, historical hiragana さう)

  1. grass
  2. a draft, a rough copy
  3. cursive, calligraphy in a running hand
  4. something unofficial, an informal abbreviation or knock-off
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From multiple w's resembling the shape of grass; 笑い ("warai"), which means "laugh", is spelled as "w" in Internet slang to convey laughter or amusement.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

草 (hiragana くさ, rōmaji kusa)

  1. (Internet slang) LOL; an expression of laughter
Derived termsEdit

Usage notesEdit

草 is often used alone.

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

草 • (cho)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 초 (McCune-Reischauer: ch'o, Yale: cho)
    • Name (hangeul): 풀
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

草 (thảo, tháu, xáo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

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