ꜣẖꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑçɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: akha

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to scratch with claws or nails
2. (transitive) to carve (an inscription or picture)

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣẖꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣẖꜥ, geminated stem: ꜣẖꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜣẖꜥ	ꜣẖꜥw, ꜣẖꜥ	ꜣẖꜥt	ꜣẖꜥ	ꜣẖꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜣẖꜥ	ḥr ꜣẖꜥ	m ꜣẖꜥ	r ꜣẖꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ꜣẖꜥ.n	ꜣẖꜥw, ꜣẖꜥ	consecutive	ꜣẖꜥ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ꜣẖꜥt
perfective3	ꜣẖꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ꜣẖꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ꜣẖꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ꜣẖꜥ	ꜣẖꜥꜥ	potentialis1	ꜣẖꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ꜣẖꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜣẖꜥ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ꜣẖꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣẖꜥ	ꜣẖꜥ, ꜣẖꜥw5, ꜣẖꜥy5
imperfective	ꜣẖꜥ, ꜣẖꜥy, ꜣẖꜥw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣẖꜥ, ꜣẖꜥj6, ꜣẖꜥy6	ꜣẖꜥ, ꜣẖꜥw5
prospective	ꜣẖꜥ, ꜣẖꜥtj7	—	ꜣẖꜥtj4, ꜣẖꜥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣẖꜥ  

ꜣẖꜥ	ꜣḫꜥ
	[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

• ꜣẖꜥt

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 19.6–19.12
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 5