낫다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean 낫〮다〮 (Yale: nás-tá), which is the only occurrence of it in the 15th century. In the 16th century, it appears as 낫〯다〮 (nǎstá) with a low~rising alternating tone.

Presumed original sense: "to get better" as a verb, splitting into a general adjective and a more semantically specific verb in modern usage. Compare Middle Korean 둏〯다〮 (Yale: tyǒh-tá, “to become good; to recover from an illness”), which this verb partially replaced.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈna̠(ː)t̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [낟(ː)따]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	natda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	nasda
McCune–Reischauer?	natta
Yale Romanization?	nāsta

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	낫다 (natda)
Causative	나수다 (nasuda)

낫다 • (natda) (irregular, infinitive 나아, sequential 나으니)

1. (intransitive) to recover from an illness, to get better

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 낫다 (natda): consonant-stem, ㅅ(s)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	낫는다 nanneunda	나아 naa	나아요 naayo	낫습니다 natseumnida
	Past	나았다 naatda	나았어 naasseo	나았어요 naasseoyo	나았습니다 naatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	낫느냐 nanneunya	나아 naa	나아요 naayo	낫습니까 natseumnikka
	Past	나았느냐 naanneunya	나았어 naasseo	나았어요 naasseoyo	나았습니까 naatseumnikka
Hortative		낫자 natja	나아 naa	나아요 naayo	나으십시다 na'eusipsida
Imperative		나아라 naara	나아 naa	나아요 naayo	나읍시오 na'eupsio
Assertive		낫겠다 natgetda	낫겠어 natgesseo	낫겠어요 natgesseoyo	낫겠습니다 natgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		나아 naa	나아서 naaseo	나으니 na'euni	나으니까 na'eunikka
Contrast		낫지만 natjiman	낫는데 nanneunde	낫더니 natdeoni
Conjunction		낫고 natgo
Condition		나으면 na'eumyeon	나아야 naaya
Motive		나으려고 na'euryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		나음 na'eum	낫기 natgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		나았음 naasseum	나았기 naatgi
Determiners	Past	나은 na'eun
	Present	낫는 nanneun
	Future	나을 na'eul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	나으신다 na'eusinda	나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으세요, 나으셔요 na'euseyo, na'eusyeoyo	나으십니다 na'eusimnida
	Past	나으셨다 na'eusyeotda	나으셨어 na'eusyeosseo	나으셨어요 na'eusyeosseoyo	나으셨습니다 na'eusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	나으시느냐 na'eusineunya	나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으세요, 나으셔요 na'euseyo, na'eusyeoyo	나으십니까 na'eusimnikka
	Past	나으셨느냐 na'eusyeonneunya	나으셨어 na'eusyeosseo	나으셨어요 na'eusyeosseoyo	나으셨습니까 na'eusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		나으시라 na'eusira	나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으세요 na'euseyo	나으십시오 na'eusipsio
Assertive		나으시겠다 na'eusigetda	나으시겠어 na'eusigesseo	나으시겠어요 na'eusigesseoyo	나으시겠습니다 na'eusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으셔서 na'eusyeoseo	나으시니 na'eusini	나으시니까 na'eusinikka
Contrast		나으시지만 na'eusijiman	나으시는데 na'eusineunde	나으시더니 na'eusideoni
Conjunction		나으시고 na'eusigo
Condition		나으시면 na'eusimyeon	나으셔야 na'eusyeoya
Motive		나으시려고 na'eusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		나으심 na'eusim	나으시기 na'eusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		나으셨음 na'eusyeosseum	나으셨기 na'eusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	나으신 na'eusin
	Present	나으시는 na'eusineun
	Future	나으실 na'eusil

Adjective

낫다 • (natda) (irregular, infinitive 나아, sequential 나으니)

1. better (than something); superior

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 낫다 (natda): consonant-stem, ㅅ(s)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	낫다 natda	나아 naa	나아요 naayo	낫습니다 natseumnida
	Past	나았다 naatda	나았어 naasseo	나았어요 naasseoyo	나았습니다 naatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	나으냐 na'eunya	나아 naa	나아요 naayo	낫습니까 natseumnikka
	Past	나았냐 naannya	나았어 naasseo	나았어요 naasseoyo	나았습니까 naatseumnikka
Assertive		낫겠다 natgetda	낫겠어 natgesseo	낫겠어요 natgesseoyo	낫겠습니다 natgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		나아 naa	나아서 naaseo	나으니 na'euni	나으니까 na'eunikka
Contrast		낫지만 natjiman	나은데 na'eunde	낫더니 natdeoni
Conjunction		낫고 natgo
Condition		나으면 na'eumyeon	나아야 naaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		나음 na'eum	낫기 natgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		나았음 naasseum	나았기 naatgi
Determiners	Present		나은 na'eun
	Future		나을 na'eul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	나으시다 na'eusida	나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으세요, 나으셔요 na'euseyo, na'eusyeoyo	나으십니다 na'eusimnida
	Past	나으셨다 na'eusyeotda	나으셨어 na'eusyeosseo	나으셨어요 na'eusyeosseoyo	나으셨습니다 na'eusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	나으시냐 na'eusinya	나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으세요, 나으셔요 na'euseyo, na'eusyeoyo	나으십니까 na'eusimnikka
	Past	나으셨냐 na'eusyeonnya	나으셨어 na'eusyeosseo	나으셨어요 na'eusyeosseoyo	나으셨습니까 na'eusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		나으시겠다 na'eusigetda	나으시겠어 na'eusigesseo	나으시겠어요 na'eusigesseoyo	나으시겠습니다 na'eusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		나으셔 na'eusyeo	나으셔서 na'eusyeoseo	나으시니 na'eusini	나으시니까 na'eusinikka
Contrast		나으시지만 na'eusijiman	나으신데 na'eusinde	나으시더니 na'eusideoni
Conjunction		나으시고 na'eusigo
Condition		나으시면 na'eusimyeon	나으셔야 na'eusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		나으심 na'eusim	나으시기 na'eusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		나으셨음 na'eusyeosseum	나으셨기 na'eusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		나으신 na'eusin
	Future		나으실 na'eusil