노력하다

Korean

Etymology

노력(努力) (noryeok) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [no̞ɾjʌ̹kʰa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [노려카다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	noryeokhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	nolyeoghada
McCune–Reischauer?	noryŏkhada
Yale Romanization?	nolyek.hata

Verb

노력하다 • (noryeokhada) (infinitive 노력해 or 노력하여, sequential 노력하니)

1. (intransitive) to strive, to exert oneself; to make every effort

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 노력하다 (noryeokhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	노력한다 noryeokhanda	노력해 noryeokhae	노력해요 noryeokhaeyo	노력합니다 noryeokhamnida
	Past	노력했다 noryeokhaetda	노력했어 noryeokhaesseo	노력했어요 noryeokhaesseoyo	노력했습니다 noryeokhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	노력하느냐 noryeokhaneunya	노력해 noryeokhae	노력해요 noryeokhaeyo	노력합니까 noryeokhamnikka
	Past	노력했느냐 noryeokhaenneunya	노력했어 noryeokhaesseo	노력했어요 noryeokhaesseoyo	노력했습니까 noryeokhaetseumnikka
Hortative		노력하자 noryeokhaja	노력해 noryeokhae	노력해요 noryeokhaeyo	노력하십시다 noryeokhasipsida
Imperative		노력해라, 노력하여라 noryeokhaera, noryeokhayeora	노력해 noryeokhae	노력해요 noryeokhaeyo	노력합시오 noryeokhapsio
Assertive		노력하겠다 noryeokhagetda	노력하겠어 noryeokhagesseo	노력하겠어요 noryeokhagesseoyo	노력하겠습니다 noryeokhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		노력해 noryeokhae	노력해서, 노력하여서 noryeokhaeseo, noryeokhayeoseo	노력하니 noryeokhani	노력하니까 noryeokhanikka
Contrast		노력하지만 noryeokhajiman	노력하는데 noryeokhaneunde	노력하더니 noryeokhadeoni
Conjunction		노력하고 noryeokhago
Condition		노력하면 noryeokhamyeon	노력해야, 노력하여야 noryeokhaeya, noryeokhayeoya
Motive		노력하려고 noryeokharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		노력함 noryeokham	노력하기 noryeokhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		노력했음, 노력하였음 noryeokhaesseum, noryeokhayeosseum	노력했기, 노력하였기 noryeokhaetgi, noryeokhayeotgi
Determiners	Past	노력한 noryeokhan
	Present	노력하는 noryeokhaneun
	Future	노력할 noryeokhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	노력하신다 noryeokhasinda	노력하셔 noryeokhasyeo	노력하세요, 노력하셔요 noryeokhaseyo, noryeokhasyeoyo	노력하십니다 noryeokhasimnida
	Past	노력하셨다 noryeokhasyeotda	노력하셨어 noryeokhasyeosseo	노력하셨어요 noryeokhasyeosseoyo	노력하셨습니다 noryeokhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	노력하시느냐 noryeokhasineunya	노력하셔 noryeokhasyeo	노력하세요, 노력하셔요 noryeokhaseyo, noryeokhasyeoyo	노력하십니까 noryeokhasimnikka
	Past	노력하셨느냐 noryeokhasyeonneunya	노력하셨어 noryeokhasyeosseo	노력하셨어요 noryeokhasyeosseoyo	노력하셨습니까 noryeokhasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		노력하시라 noryeokhasira	노력하셔 noryeokhasyeo	노력하세요 noryeokhaseyo	노력하십시오 noryeokhasipsio
Assertive		노력하시겠다 noryeokhasigetda	노력하시겠어 noryeokhasigesseo	노력하시겠어요 noryeokhasigesseoyo	노력하시겠습니다 noryeokhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		노력하셔 noryeokhasyeo	노력하셔서 noryeokhasyeoseo	노력하시니 noryeokhasini	노력하시니까 noryeokhasinikka
Contrast		노력하시지만 noryeokhasijiman	노력하시는데 noryeokhasineunde	노력하시더니 noryeokhasideoni
Conjunction		노력하시고 noryeokhasigo
Condition		노력하시면 noryeokhasimyeon	노력하셔야 noryeokhasyeoya
Motive		노력하시려고 noryeokhasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		노력하심 noryeokhasim	노력하시기 noryeokhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		노력하셨음 noryeokhasyeosseum	노력하셨기 noryeokhasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	노력하신 noryeokhasin
	Present	노력하시는 noryeokhasineun
	Future	노력하실 noryeokhasil