숨막히다

Korean

Etymology

Univerbation of 숨 (sum, “breath”) +‎ 막히다 (makhida, “to become blocked or clogged”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰu(ː)mma̠cçida̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)마키다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	summakhida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	summaghida
McCune–Reischauer?	summakhida
Yale Romanization?	swūmmak.hita

Verb

숨막히다 • (summakhida) (infinitive 숨막혀 or 숨막히어, sequential 숨막히니)

1. (active verb) to choke, suffocate
2. (passive verb) to be choked, suffocated

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 숨막히다 (summakhida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨막힌다 summakhinda	숨막혀 summakhyeo	숨막혀요, 숨막히어요 summakhyeoyo, summakhieoyo	숨막힙니다 summakhimnida
	Past	숨막혔다 summakhyeotda	숨막혔어 summakhyeosseo	숨막혔어요 summakhyeosseoyo	숨막혔습니다 summakhyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨막히느냐 summakhineunya	숨막혀 summakhyeo	숨막혀요, 숨막히어요 summakhyeoyo, summakhieoyo	숨막힙니까 summakhimnikka
	Past	숨막혔느냐 summakhyeonneunya	숨막혔어 summakhyeosseo	숨막혔어요 summakhyeosseoyo	숨막혔습니까 summakhyeotseumnikka
Hortative		숨막히자 summakhija	숨막혀 summakhyeo	숨막혀요, 숨막히어요 summakhyeoyo, summakhieoyo	숨막히십시다 summakhisipsida
Imperative		숨막혀라, 숨막히어라 summakhyeora, summakhieora	숨막혀 summakhyeo	숨막혀요, 숨막히어요 summakhyeoyo, summakhieoyo	숨막힙시오 summakhipsio
Assertive		숨막히겠다 summakhigetda	숨막히겠어 summakhigesseo	숨막히겠어요 summakhigesseoyo	숨막히겠습니다 summakhigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		숨막혀 summakhyeo	숨막혀서, 숨막히어서 summakhyeoseo, summakhieoseo	숨막히니 summakhini	숨막히니까 summakhinikka
Contrast		숨막히지만 summakhijiman	숨막히는데 summakhineunde	숨막히더니 summakhideoni
Conjunction		숨막히고 summakhigo
Condition		숨막히면 summakhimyeon	숨막혀야, 숨막히어야 summakhyeoya, summakhieoya
Motive		숨막히려고 summakhiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		숨막힘 summakhim	숨막히기 summakhigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨막혔음, 숨막히었음 summakhyeosseum, summakhieosseum	숨막혔기, 숨막히었기 summakhyeotgi, summakhieotgi
Determiners	Past	숨막힌 summakhin
	Present	숨막히는 summakhineun
	Future	숨막힐 summakhil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨막히신다 summakhisinda	숨막히셔 summakhisyeo	숨막히세요, 숨막히셔요 summakhiseyo, summakhisyeoyo	숨막히십니다 summakhisimnida
	Past	숨막히셨다 summakhisyeotda	숨막히셨어 summakhisyeosseo	숨막히셨어요 summakhisyeosseoyo	숨막히셨습니다 summakhisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨막히시느냐 summakhisineunya	숨막히셔 summakhisyeo	숨막히세요, 숨막히셔요 summakhiseyo, summakhisyeoyo	숨막히십니까 summakhisimnikka
	Past	숨막히셨느냐 summakhisyeonneunya	숨막히셨어 summakhisyeosseo	숨막히셨어요 summakhisyeosseoyo	숨막히셨습니까 summakhisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		숨막히시라 summakhisira	숨막히셔 summakhisyeo	숨막히세요 summakhiseyo	숨막히십시오 summakhisipsio
Assertive		숨막히시겠다 summakhisigetda	숨막히시겠어 summakhisigesseo	숨막히시겠어요 summakhisigesseoyo	숨막히시겠습니다 summakhisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		숨막히셔 summakhisyeo	숨막히셔서 summakhisyeoseo	숨막히시니 summakhisini	숨막히시니까 summakhisinikka
Contrast		숨막히시지만 summakhisijiman	숨막히시는데 summakhisineunde	숨막히시더니 summakhisideoni
Conjunction		숨막히시고 summakhisigo
Condition		숨막히시면 summakhisimyeon	숨막히셔야 summakhisyeoya
Motive		숨막히시려고 summakhisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		숨막히심 summakhisim	숨막히시기 summakhisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨막히셨음 summakhisyeosseum	숨막히셨기 summakhisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	숨막히신 summakhisin
	Present	숨막히시는 summakhisineun
	Future	숨막히실 summakhisil