𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝

Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Sanskrit उद्- (ud-)

Proto-Indo-European *selǵ-der.

Sanskrit सृष्ट (sṛṣṭa)

Sanskrit उत्सृष्ट (utsṛṣṭa)der.?

Prakrit 𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝 (chuṭṭa)

Uncertain. Sanskrit क्षोट् (kṣoṭ, “to throw”) and क्षोटयति (kṣoṭayati, “throws”) are likely Sanskritizations.^[1]^[2]

Tedesco derives the root as a back-formation from *𑀉𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝- (*uc-chuṭṭa-), from Sanskrit उत्सृष्ट (utsṛṣṭa, “let loose”), from उत्- (ut-, “upon”) +‎ सृष्ट (sṛṣṭa, “let go, discharged, thrown”).^[3] He considers Hindi छोड़ना (choṛnā, “to release; to leave”) to be descended from the Prakrit root in the "release" sense, but leaves the origin of the "leave" sense open, explaining the pigeonholing of both meanings onto छोड़ (choṛ) as a case of secondary semantic leveling.

Adjective

𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝 (chuṭṭa) (Devanagari छुट्ट) ^[4]^[5]

released
- c. 1140, Laksmaṇa Gaṇi, Supāsanāha Caria 407

Related terms

𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (chuṭṭaï, “is released”), 𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀤𑀺 (chuṭṭadi)
𑀔𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝 (khuṭṭa, “broken”)
𑀔𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (khuṭṭaï, “becomes less, is broken”)
𑀙𑁄𑀟𑁂𑀇 (choḍei), 𑀙𑁄𑀟𑁂𑀤𑀺 (choḍedi)

Derived terms

𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀡 (chuṭṭaṇa)
*𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀓 (*chuṭṭa-ka)
- Gujarati: છૂટું (chūṭũ)
- Hindi: छुट्टा (chuṭṭā)
- Nepali: छुट्टो (chuṭṭo)
*𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀺𑀓𑀸 (*chuṭṭ-ikā)
- Assamese: ছুটি (suti, “leave”)
- Bengali: ছুটি (chuṭi, “leave, dismissal”)
- Gujarati: છુટ્ટી (chuṭṭī)
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: छुट्टी (chuṭṭī)
  - Urdu: چھُٹِّی (chuṭṭī)
- Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘳𑘘𑘲 (suṭī)
  - Marathi: सुट्टी (suṭṭī), सुटी (suṭī)
- Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi script: ਛੁੱਟੀ (chuṭṭī, “holiday, leave”)
  
  Shahmukhi script: چھُٹّی (chuṭṭī)
*𑀙𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀟 (*chuṭṭa-ḍa)
- Punjabi: ਛੁੱਟੜ (chuṭṭaṛ)

Descendants

→ Sanskrit: क्षोट् (kṣoṭ, “to throw”)
Punjabi: ਛੁੱਟ (chuṭṭa)
Nepali: छुट (chuṭ)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “KṢOṬ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 133
^ Monier Williams (1899) “क्षोट्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 333/2.
^ P. M. Tedesco (1953) “Sanskrit Ā-mreḍ- ‘To Repeat’”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎^[2], volume 73, number 2, American Oriental Society, page 81b
^ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928) “छुट्ट”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*kṣuṭyatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 193

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “KṢOṬ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 133

[2] Monier Williams (1899) “क्षोट्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 333/2.

[3] P. M. Tedesco (1953) “Sanskrit Ā-mreḍ- ‘To Repeat’”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎^[2], volume 73, number 2, American Oriental Society, page 81b

[4] Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928) “छुट्ट”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].

[5] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*kṣuṭyatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 193

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