𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀩𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (bakkhāṇa)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀔𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀦 (vyākhyā́na).

Noun

𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) n (Devanagari वक्खाण, Kannada ವಕ್ಖಾಣ) (Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

1. lecture, speech
2. explanation, tale
   • c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 2.90:

     𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬-𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑀼𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀂 𑁈𑁯𑁈
     𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑁆𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀲𑀁𑀕𑁂 𑀉𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁅 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀂𑁇 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀭𑀺
     𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀣𑀫𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀣𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀢𑀾𑀢𑀻𑀬 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀭𑁆𑀣𑀂𑁇 𑀰𑁂𑀱𑁇 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁𑁇 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖𑁄𑁇 𑀫𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑁇
     𑀦𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀓𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀁𑁇 𑀢𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀡𑁄𑁇 𑀕𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀆𑀤𑁂𑀰𑁇 𑀚𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄𑁇
     𑀖𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀦𑀸𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑁇 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀁𑁇 𑀧𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑁇 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑁄𑁇 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑁄𑁇 𑀆𑀮𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁄𑁇
     𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁𑁇 𑀪𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀮𑁄𑁇 𑀢𑁃𑀮𑀸𑀤𑁅 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑁂 𑀑𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀮𑀁𑁇 𑀲𑁂𑀯𑀸𑀤𑁅
     𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑁇 𑀦𑀳𑀸𑁇 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑁇 𑀓𑀇-𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀑 𑀓𑀇-𑀥𑀑𑁇 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑁂𑀯𑁇 𑀔𑀸𑀑𑁇

     dvitīya-turyayorupari pūrvaḥ .9.
     dvitīyaturyayŏrdvitvaprasaṃge upari pūrvau bhavataḥ. dvitīyasyopari
     prathamaścaturthasyopari tṛtīya ityarthaḥ. śeṣa. vakkhāṇaṃ. vaggho. mucchā.
     nijjharo. kaṭṭhaṃ. titthaṃ. niddhaṇo. gupphaṃ. nibbharo. ādeśa. jakkho.
     ghasya nāsti. acchī. majjhaṃ. paṭṭhī. vuḍḍho. hattho. āliddho.
     pupphaṃ. bhibbhalo. tailādau dvitve ŏkkhalaṃ. sevādau
     nakkhā. nahā. samāse. kaï-ddhao kaï-dhao. dvitva ityeva. khāo.

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (neuter)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi)
Accusative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi)
Instrumental	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (vakkhāṇeṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇeṇaṃ)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (vakkhāṇehi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (vakkhāṇehiṃ)
Dative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (vakkhāṇāa)	—
Ablative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (vakkhāṇāo) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (vakkhāṇāu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸 (vakkhāṇā) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (vakkhāṇāhi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (vakkhāṇāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (vakkhāṇassa)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇāṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (vakkhāṇammi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂 (vakkhāṇe)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (vakkhāṇesu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (vakkhāṇesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸 (vakkhāṇā)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi)

Sauraseni declension of 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (neuter)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ)
Accusative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ)
Instrumental	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (vakkhāṇeṇa)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (vakkhāṇehiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀤𑁄 (vakkhāṇādo)	—
Genitive	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (vakkhāṇassa)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂 (vakkhāṇe)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (vakkhāṇesu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (vakkhāṇesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa)	𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ)

Derived terms

Terms inherited from 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀇 (vakkhāṇaï)

• Central:
  • Eastern Hindi:
    • Old Awadhi: बखानइ (bakhānaï)
  • Western Hindi:
    • Braj: बखानन (bakhānan)
    • Bundeli: बखानबो (bakhānbo)
    • Hindustani: bakhānnā

      Hindi: बखानना

      Urdu: بَکَھانْنَا (bakhānnā)

• Eastern:
  • Assamese: বখান (bokhan)
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: bakhānal

      Devanagari script: बखानल

      Kaithi script: 𑂥𑂎𑂰𑂢𑂪

    • Maithili: bakhānab

      Devanagari script: बखानब

      Tirhuta script: 𑒥𑒐𑒰𑒢𑒥

  • Odia: ବଖାଣିବା (bakhāṇibā)
• Northern:
  • Western Pahari:
    • Dogri: bakhānnā

      Devanagari script: बखानना

      Dogra script: 𑠠𑠋𑠬𑠝𑠝𑠬

  • Eastern Pahari:
    • Nepali: बखान्नु (bakhānnu)
• Northwestern:
  • Old Punjabi: ਵਖਾਣਿ (vakhāṇi), ਵਖਾਨਿ (vakhāni)
    • Punjabi: bakhānṇā

      Gurmukhi script: ਬਖਾਨਣਾ

      Shahmukhi script: بَکھانݨا

  • Sindhi:

    Arabic script: واکاڻَڻُ, وکاڻڻ

    Devanagari script: वाखाणणु, वखाणणु

• Southern:
  • Konkani:

    Devanagari script: वाखाण्चे (vākhāṇce)

    Kannada script: ವಾಖಣ್ಚೆ

    Latin script: vakhannche

  • Old Marathi: vākhāṇaṇe, vāṣāṇaṇe

    Devanagari script: वाखाणणे, वाषाणणे

    Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹, 𑘪𑘰𑘬𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹

    • Marathi: vākhāṇṇe

      Devanagari script: वाखाणणे

      Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹

• Western:
  • Ahirani: वखाननं (vakhānna)
  • Old Gujarati: वक्खाणिउं (vakkhāṇiuṃ)
    • Gojri: بَکھانو (bakhāno)
    • Middle Gujarati: वक्खाणइ, वखाणइ
      • Gujarati: વખાણવું (vakhāṇvũ)
    • Malvi: बखाणणो (bakhāṇṇo), वखाणणो
    • Marwari:

      Devanagari script: बखांणणौ (bakhā̃ṇṇau)

      Mahajani script: 𑅪𑅖𑅧𑅢𑅢𑅒 (bkhnṇṇu)

    • Nimadi: वखाणणूं (vakhāṇṇū̃)

• ⇒ Old Kannada: ವಕ್ಖಣಿಸು (vakkhaṇisu), ವಕ್ಖಾಣಿಸು (vakkhāṇisu)
  • Kannada: ಒಕ್ಕಣಿಸು (okkaṇisu), ವಕ್ಕಣಿಸು (vakkaṇisu)
• ⇒ Telugu: వక్కాణించు (vakkāṇiñcu), వక్కణించు (vakkaṇiñcu)

Descendants

Descendants

• Central:
  • Eastern Hindi:
    • Old Awadhi: बखान (bakhāna), बखानू (bakhānū)
      • Awadhi: बखानु (bakhānu)
    • Bagheli: बखान (bakhān)
  • Western Hindi:
    • Old Braj: बखान (bakhān)
      • Braj: बखान (bakhān)
    • Bundeli: बखान (bakhān)
    • Hindustani: bakhān

      Hindi: बखान

      Urdu: بَکَھان (bakhān)

• Eastern:
  • Old Bengali: বখান
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: bakhān

      Devanagari script: बखान

      Kaithi script: 𑂥𑂎𑂰𑂢

    • Maithili: bakhān

      Devanagari script: बखान

      Tirhuta script: 𑒥𑒐𑒰𑒢

  • Odia: ବଖାଣ (bakhāṇa)
• Northern:
  • Central Pahari:
    • Garhwali: बखान (bakhān)
  • Western Pahari:
    • Dogri: bakhān

      Devanagari script: बखान

      Dogra script: 𑠠𑠋𑠬𑠝

  • Eastern Pahari:
    • Nepali: बखान (bakhān)
• Northwestern:
  • Old Punjabi: ਵਖਾਣੁ (vakhāṇu), ਵਖਿਆਣੁ (vakhiāṇu), ਵਖਿਆਨੁ (vakhiānu)
    • Punjabi: vakhāṇ, bakhāṇ

      Gurmukhi script: ਵਖਾਣ, ਬਖਾਣ

      Shahmukhi script: وَکھان, بَکھان

  • Sindhi: vākhāṇa

    Arabic script: واکاڻَ

    Devanagari script: वाखाण

    Sindhi: 𑋛𑋠𑊻𑋠𑋌

• Southern:
  • Konkani:

    Devanagari script: वाखाणणी (vākhāṇṇī)

    Kannada script: ವಾಖಣ್ಣಿ

    Latin script: vakhann’nni

  • Old Marathi: vākhāṇa

    Devanagari script: वाखाण

    Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜

    • Marathi: vākhāṇa

      Devanagari script: वाखाण

      Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜

• Western:
  • Old Gujarati: वक्खाण (vakkhāṇa)
    • Middle Gujarati: वक्खाण, वखाण
      • Gujarati: વખાણ (vakhāṇ)
    • Marwari:

      Devanagari script: बखाण (bakhāṇ), बखांण (bakhā̃ṇ), ब़खांण (b̤akhāṇṇ)

      Mahajani script: 𑅪𑅖𑅢 (bkhṇ), 𑅪𑅖𑅧𑅢 (bkhnṇ), 𑅪𑅳𑅖𑅧𑅢 (b̤khnṇ)

• → Kannada: ಒಕ್ಕಣೆ (okkaṇe), ವಕ್ಕಣೆ (vakkaṇe)
• → Malayalam: വക്കാണം (vakkāṇaṁ)
• → Tamil: வக்கணை (vakkaṇai)
• → Telugu: వక్కణ (vakkaṇa), వక్కాణ (vakkāṇa)

References

• Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928) “वक्खाण”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 736.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vakkhāṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 706