-στός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Rebracketed from ordinals like τεσσαρακοστός (tessarakostós), from Proto-Hellenic *kʷetwərəkontstós equivalent to τεσσαράκοντα (tessarákonta) +‎ -τός (-tós). The *tst (> st) results from the Indo-European double dental rule.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /stós/ → /stos/ → /stos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /stós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /stos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /stos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /stos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /stos/

Suffix

-στός • (-stós) m (feminine -στή, neuter -στόν); first/second declension

1. Alternative form of -τος (-tos), forming ordinal and fractional numerals

   ‎ἑκατόν (hekatón, “a hundred”) + ‎-στός (-stós) → ‎ἑκατοστός (hekatostós, “hundredth”)

   ‎χίλιοι (khílioi, “thousand”) + ‎-στός (-stós) → ‎χιλιοστός (khiliostós, “thousandth”)

Declension

First and second declension of -στός; -στή; -στόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-στός -stós	-στή -stḗ	-στόν -stón		-στώ -stṓ	-στᾱ́ -stā́	-στώ -stṓ		-στοί -stoí	-σταί -staí	-στᾰ́ -stá
Genitive		-στοῦ -stoû	-στῆς -stês	-στοῦ -stoû		-στοῖν -stoîn	-σταῖν -staîn	-στοῖν -stoîn		-στῶν -stôn	-στῶν -stôn	-στῶν -stôn
Dative		-στῷ -stôi	-στῇ -stêi	-στῷ -stôi		-στοῖν -stoîn	-σταῖν -staîn	-στοῖν -stoîn		-στοῖς -stoîs	-σταῖς -staîs	-στοῖς -stoîs
Accusative		-στόν -stón	-στήν -stḗn	-στόν -stón		-στώ -stṓ	-στᾱ́ -stā́	-στώ -stṓ		-στούς -stoús	-στᾱ́ς -stā́s	-στᾰ́ -stá
Vocative		-στέ -sté	-στή -stḗ	-στόν -stón		-στώ -stṓ	-στᾱ́ -stā́	-στώ -stṓ		-στοί -stoí	-σταί -staí	-στᾰ́ -stá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-στῶς -stôs				-στότερος -stóteros				-στότᾰτος -stótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.