Ancient Greek
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Pronunciation
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Etymology 1
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From Byzantine Greek -τρια (-tria), with loss of middle ι.
-τρα • (-tra) f
- added to a verb to create words denoting a female occupation:
- πλένω (pléno, “to wash”) + -τρα (-tra) → πλύστρα (plýstra, “laundress, washer woman”)
- ράβω (rávo, “to sew”) + -τρα (-tra) → ράφτρα (ráftra, “seamstress”)
- κλέβω (klévo, “to steal”) + -τρα (-tra) → κλέφτρα (kléftra, “female thief”)
- added to a noun or verb to create words denoting a female who has that quality or does that action:
- πλανεύω (planévo, “to lead astray, to seduce”) + -τρα (-tra) → πλανεύτρα (planéftra, “seductress”)
- φταίω (ftaío, “to be at fault”) + -τρα (-tra) → φταίχτρα (ftaíchtra, “woman to blame, woman at fault”)
- added to a noun or verb to create words denoting an animal or an inanimate object or event that has that quality or does that action:
- τσούζω (tsoúzo, “to sting”) + -τρα (-tra) → τσούχτρα (tsoúchtra, “jellyfish”)
- ρουφώ (roufó, “to suck”) + -τρα (-tra) → ρουφήχτρα (roufíchtra, “whirlpool”)
- χέζω (chézo, “to shit”) + -τρα (-tra) → χέστρα (chéstra, “shitter, toilet”)
Declension
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declension of -τρα
case \ number
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singular
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plural
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nominative
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-τρα •
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-τρες •
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genitive
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-τρας •
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-τρών •
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accusative
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-τρα •
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-τρες •
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vocative
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-τρα •
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-τρες •
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The genitive plural is uncommon and considered awkward by scholars.
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Etymology 2
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From Ancient Greek -τρα (-tra).
-τρα • (-tra) n pl
- added to a noun or verb to create words denoting a fee, a cost or a monetary reward:
- διδάσκω (didásko, “to teach”) + -τρα (-tra) → δίδακτρα (dídaktra, “tuition fees”)
- εξέταση (exétasi, “examination”) + -τρα (-tra) → εξέταστρα (exétastra, “examination fees”)
- ευρετής (evretís, “finder”) + -τρα (-tra) → εύρετρα (évretra, “finder's fee”)
Declension
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-τρα
case \ number
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plural
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nominative
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-τρα •
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genitive
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-τρων •
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accusative
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-τρα •
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vocative
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-τρα •
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The stress (not visible in this table) moves forward in the genitive, eg δίδακτρα - διδάκτρων.
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Derived terms
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