Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Welsh -dit, from Proto-Celtic *-tūss, from Proto-Indo-European *-tuHts.[1] Cognate with Latin -tus[2] and Proto-Germanic *-dūþiz.

Pronunciation

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Usage notes

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/tɪd/ and /dɪd/ are variants of the same suffix. /tɪd/ (phonetically [tʰɪd]) is always spelt -tid whereas /dɪd/ would, in theory, be represented by -tid after an unvoiced fricative (phonetically [tɪd]) and by -did after other voiced sounds (phonetically [dɪd]). /dɪd/, however, does not at present occur in any Welsh words after an unvoiced fricative.

Suffix

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-did m (plural -didau)

  1. forming abstract nouns, -ness, -ment
    glân (clean) + ‎-did → ‎glendid (cleanliness)
    gwan (weak) + ‎-did → ‎gwendid (weakness)
    calon (heart) + ‎-did → ‎calondid (encouragement)

Usage notes

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-did causes i-affection of internal vowels.

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-did”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 143 iii (10)